When the heart is damaged, for example after a heart attack, many heart cells die and are replaced by other cells called fibroblasts. These form an area of scar tissue, which cannot carry out the same functions as heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). This not only weakens heart contraction but may also cause abnormal heart rhythms, which can lead to sudden death. Proliferation of cardiomyocytes and the development of new blood vessels are essential for heart repair and regeneration, but current therapies are not sufficient to restore heart function following an injury.

Zebrafish retain a lifelong ability to regenerate the heart after injury and newborn mice have the same ability up to one week after birth. If we can understand how they do this, we could translate that knowledge into new and more effective therapies to treat damaged hearts in humans.

Using in-vivo and in-vitro models, Matrone's lab is unravelling the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activity of cardiac and vascular cells during cardiovascular development, repair, and regeneration. A key aspect of the group's research is to understand the role played in tissue regeneration by posttranslational modifications – where a protein produced by the cell undergoes subsequent chemical changes.

This research lab is committed to the principles of the three Rs: replacement, reduction and refinement.