基于核酸的纸基荧光生物传感器的设计及应用

In recent years, paper-based biosensors have attracted increasing attention due to their low cost, ease of operation and disposal, biodegradability and low consumption of analytes. Among them, the paper-based fluorescent biosensors with functional nucleic acids as the recognition elements are of particular attraction. Their high sensitivity, instant response and real-time detection capabilities endow them with great potentials for applications in portable sensor devices. In addition, the paper-based cell-free protein synthesis platform, using nucleic acid as the recognition elements, can achieve specific detection of viruses, heavy metals and other targets by expressing the fluorescent proteins as the output reporter, which has good application prospects. Here we introduce the design of these fluorogenic nucleic acid-based paper biosensors, focusing on the integration methods of nucleic acid-based recognition elements and paper-based substrates. We also discuss the latest progress of their applications in different fields including clinical diagnosis, food contaminant detection and environmental pollutant detection as well as their advantages and limitations. Finally, the prospects and development directions of fluorogenic nucleic acid-based paper biosensors are presented, providing reference for research in related fields.