@article{a6fc96ffac1a453491550f04245e73f5,
title = "A MHz X-ray diffraction set-up for dynamic compression experiments in the diamond anvil cell",
abstract = "An experimental platform for dynamic diamond anvil cell (dDAC) research has been developed at the High Energy Density (HED) Instrument at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). Advantage was taken of the high repetition rate of the European XFEL (up to 4.5 MHz) to collect pulse-resolved MHz X-ray diffraction data from samples as they are dynamically compressed at intermediate strain rates (≤10 3 s -1), where up to 352 diffraction images can be collected from a single pulse train. The set-up employs piezo-driven dDACs capable of compressing samples in ≥340 µs, compatible with the maximum length of the pulse train (550 µs). Results from rapid compression experiments on a wide range of sample systems with different X-ray scattering powers are presented. A maximum compression rate of 87 TPa s -1 was observed during the fast compression of Au, while a strain rate of ∼1100 s -1 was achieved during the rapid compression of N 2 at 23 TPa s -1. ",
keywords = "X-ray free-electron lasers, diamond anvil cells, dynamic compression, extreme conditions science",
author = "{EuXFEL Community Proposal 2592} and Husband, {Rachel J.} and Ball, {Orianna B.} and McHardy, {James D.} and McMahon, {Malcolm I.} and McWilliams, {R. Stewart} and Hanns-Peter Liermann",
note = "open access. Publisher Copyright: open access. Funding Information: We acknowledge European XFEL in Schenefeld, Germany, for provision of X-ray free-electron laser beam time at Scientific Instrument HED (High Energy Density Science) and would like to thank the staff for their assistance. The authors are indebted to the HIBEF user consortium for the provision of instrumentation and staff that enabled this experiment. We acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III (beamline P02.2). We thank MW (DESY) for his help with the design of the electrical wiring scheme. A portion of this work was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA{\textquoteright}s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH1135. Funding Information: The following funding is acknowledged: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (grant No. DE-AC52-07NA27344); H2020 European Research Council (grant No. 864877 to Hauke Marquardt); US Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration (grant No. DE-NA-0004091 to Choong-Shik Yoo); National Science Foundation (grant No. DMR 2112653 to Choong-Shik Yoo); UK Research and Innovation (award No.MR/W008211/1 to Emma E. McBride); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant No. SA 2585/5-1 to Rachel J. Husband, Hanns-Peter Liermann, Anshuman Mondal, Carmen Sanchez-Valle); Alexander von Humboldt- Stiftung (award to Huijeong Hwang). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 International Union of Crystallography. All rights reserved.",
year = "2023",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1107/S1600577523003910",
language = "English",
volume = "30",
pages = "671--685",
journal = "Journal of Synchrotron Radiation",
issn = "0909-0495",
publisher = "International Union of Crystallography",
number = "Pt 4",
}