@article{7ebeae9746d240ebbc7149bdfbba392b,
title = "A novel lineage of the Capra genus discovered in the Taurus Mountains of Turkey using ancient genomics",
abstract = "Direkli Cave, located in the Taurus Mountains of southern Turkey, was occupied by Late Epipaleolithic hunters-gatherers for the seasonal hunting and processing of game including large numbers of wild goats. We report genomic data from new and published Capra specimens from Direkli Cave and, supplemented with historic genomes from multiple Capra species, find a novel lineage best represented by a ~14,000 year old 2.59 X genome sequenced from specimen Direkli4. This newly discovered Capra lineage is a sister clade to the Caucasian tur species (Capra cylindricornis and Capra caucasica), both now limited to the Caucasus region. We identify genomic regions introgressed in domestic goats with high affinity to Direkli4, and find that West Eurasian domestic goats in the past, but not those today, appear enriched for Direkli4-specific alleles at a genome-wide level. This forgotten 'Taurasian tur' likely survived Late Pleistocene climatic change in a Taurus Mountain refuge and its genomic fate is unknown.",
keywords = "ancient dna, capra caucasica, capra cylindricornis, capra taurensis, evolutionary biology, genetics, genomics, phylogenetics",
author = "Daly, {Kevin G.} and Arbuckle, {Benjamin S.} and Conor Rossi and Valeria Mattiangeli and Lawlor, {Phoebe A.} and Marjan Mashkour and Eberhard Sauer and Jos{\'e}phine Lesur and Levent Atici and Erek, {Cevdet Merih} and Bradley, {Daniel G.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Matthew Teasdale and Amelie Scheu for their advice on interpretation of results and helpful discussions. Excavations at Direkli Cave are sponsored by T.C. K{\"u}lt{\"u}r ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Permission to export samples from Direkli Cave provided by T.C. K{\"u}lt{\"u}r Varlıkları ve M{\"u}zeler Genel M{\"u}d{\"u}rl{\"u}ğ{\"u} and T.C. Ankara Valılığı, Il K{\"u}lt{\"u}r ve Turizm M{\"u}d{\"u}rl{\"u}ğ{\"u}, Anadolu Medeniyetleri M{\"u}zesi M{\"u}d{\"u}rl{\"u}ğ{\"u} (#70583208–160.99(06)–899). We thank the VarGoats consortia for use of the modern tur sequencing data in IBS analyses. Preprint version 5 of this manuscript has been peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In Genomics (https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.genomics.100020), and we thank all of those involved for their time and expertise. Zooarchaeological work at Direkli has been supported by grants from the Office of Vice Provost for Research, Baylor University and a URC grant from the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Benjamin S Arbuckle). This work was supported by the European Research Council under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant numbers 885729-AncestralWeave, 295729-CodeX, 295375-Persia and its Neighbours) (Kevin G Daly, Conor Rossi, Valeria Mattiangeli, Daniel G Bradley, Eberhard Sauer); and supported in part by a Grant from Science Foundation Ireland under grant number 21/PATH-S/9515 (Kevin G Daly). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.",
year = "2022",
month = oct,
day = "3",
doi = "10.7554/eLife.82984",
language = "English",
volume = "11",
journal = "eLIFE",
issn = "2050-084X",
publisher = "ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD",
}