@article{71f2fb5407c14986a38d0418a66f46f0,
title = "Accuracy of Automated Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Stroke Imaging: A Critical Evaluation of Current Evidence",
abstract = "There is increasing interest in computer applications, using artificial intelligence methodologies, to perform health care tasks previously performed by humans, particularly in medical imaging for diagnosis. In stroke, there are now commercial artificial intelligence software for use with computed tomography or MR imaging to identify acute ischemic brain tissue pathology, arterial obstruction on computed tomography angiography or as hyperattenuated arteries on computed tomography, brain hemorrhage, or size of perfusion defects. A rapid, accurate diagnosis may aid treatment decisions for individual patients and could improve outcome if it leads to effective and safe treatment; or conversely, to disaster if a delayed or incorrect diagnosis results in inappropriate treatment. Despite this potential clinical impact, diagnostic tools including artificial intelligence methods are not subjected to the same clinical evaluation standards as are mandatory for drugs. Here, we provide an evidence-based review of the pros and cons of commercially available automated methods for medical imaging diagnosis, including those based on artificial intelligence, to diagnose acute brain pathology on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in patients with stroke.",
keywords = "artificial intelligence, brain, machine learning, perfusion, stroke",
author = "Wardlaw, {Joanna M.} and Grant Mair and {Von Kummer}, R{\"u}diger and Williams, {Michelle C.} and Wenwen Li and Storkey, {Amos J.} and Emanuel Trucco and Liebeskind, {David S.} and Andrew Farrall and Bath, {Philip M.} and Philip White",
note = "Funding Information: Dr Mair received speaker and consulting fees from Canon Medical Ltd, Europe. PMB provided consultancy for Diamedica, Phagenesis, Moleac, Sanofi, Nestle. MCW received speaker fees from Canon Medical Systems. Dr Liebeskind consultants for imaging core laboratory services to Cerenovus, Genentech, Medtronic, Stryker and Rapid Medical. Dr White reports institutional unrestricted educational grants from Medtronic, Stryker and Penumbra; Institutional research funding from Microvention and IBEX and consulting fees/core laboratory services from Microvention and E-VASC. Dr Farrall received institutional educational grants from Medtronic for the development of training materials in stroke radiology. Dr Storkey has received funding from Huawei, ARM and Microsoft Research, Cambridge not related to the topic of the current article. Dr Wardlaw holds institutional academic grants from the Fondation Leducq, EU H2020 programme, Stroke Association, Health Data Research UK, British Heart Foundation, Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Society, Weston Brain Institute, and Row Fogo Charitable Trust for research unrelated to the. Funding Information: Dr Wardlaw is supported by the UK Dementia Research Institute, which receives its funding from DRI Ltd, funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Society and Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Research UK. Dr Mair is Stroke Association Edith Murphy Foundation Senior Clinical Lecturer (SA L-SMP 18\1000). We acknowledge funding from the Stroke Association (TSA_CR_2017/01) and Medical Research Council Proximity to Discovery fund (MC_PC_17188) for the RITeS Study. Dr von Kummer receives royalties as Editor-in-Chief of Neuroradiology. Dr Li is funded by Health Data Research UK, which receives its funding from the Medical Research Council. DR Williams is supported by the British Heart Foundation (FS/ICRF/20/26002). P.M. Bath is supported by the British Heart Foundation and NIHR Health Technology Programme. Funding Information: P.M. Bath is Stroke Association Professor of Stroke Medicine and an Emeritus NIHR Senior Investigator. Dr Wardlaw is supported by the UK Dementia Research Institute, which receives its funding from DRI Ltd, funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Society and Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Research UK. Dr Mair is Stroke Association Edith Murphy Foundation Senior Clinical Lecturer (SA L-SMP 18\1000). We acknowledge funding from the Stroke Association (TSA_CR_2017/01) and Medical Research Council Proximity to Discovery fund (MC_PC_17188) for the RITeS Study. Dr von Kummer receives royalties as Editor-in-Chief of Neuroradiology. Dr Li is funded by Health Data Research UK, which receives its funding from the Medical Research Council. DR Williams is supported by the British Heart Foundation (FS/ ICRF/20/26002). P.M. Bath is supported by the British Heart Foundation and NIHR Health Technology Programme. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 American Heart Association, Inc.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.036204",
language = "English",
volume = "53",
pages = "2393--2403",
journal = "Stroke",
issn = "0039-2499",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams & Wilkins",
number = "7",
}