Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland

Magnus T. Gudmundsson; Thorvaldur Thordarson; A. Hoskuldsson; G. Larsen; Halldor Bjornsson; Fred Prata; Bjorn Oddsson; Eyjolfur Magnusson; Thordis Hognadottir; Gudrun Nina Pedersen; Chris Hayward; John Stevenson; Ingibjorg Jonsdottir

doi:10.1038/srep00572

Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland

Magnus T. Gudmundsson, Thorvaldur Thordarson, A. Hoskuldsson, G. Larsen, Halldor Bjornsson, Fred Prata, Bjorn Oddsson, Eyjolfur Magnusson, Thordis Hognadottir, Gudrun Nina Pedersen, Chris Hayward, John Stevenson, Ingibjorg Jonsdottir

School of Geosciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract / Description of output

The 39-day long eruption at the summit of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April–May 2010 was of modest size but
ash was widely dispersed. By combining data from ground surveys and remote sensing we show that the
erupted material was 4.8±1.2*10¹¹ kg (benmoreite and trachyte, dense rock equivalent volume
0.18±0.05 km³). About 20% was lava and water-transported tephra, 80% was airborne tephra (bulk volume
0.27 km³) transported by 3–10 km high plumes. The airborne tephra was mostly fine ash (diameter ,1000
mm). At least 7*10¹⁰ kg (70 Tg) was very fine ash (<28 μm), several times more than previously estimated via
satellite retrievals. About 50% of the tephra fell in Iceland with the remainder carried towards south and east,
detected over ∼7 million km² in Europe and the North Atlantic. Of order 10¹⁰ kg (2%) are considered to have
been transported longer than 600–700 km with <10⁸ kg (,0.02%) reaching mainland Europe.

Original language	English
Article number	572
Pages (from-to)	1-12
Number of pages	12
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	2
Early online date	14 Aug 2012
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00572
Publication status	Published - 14 Aug 2012

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Eyjafjallajökull
ash-cloud
Icelandic eruptions
volcanic hazard
ash-generation

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Cite this

Gudmundsson, M. T., Thordarson, T., Hoskuldsson, A., Larsen, G., Bjornsson, H., Prata, F., Oddsson, B., Magnusson, E., Hognadottir, T., Pedersen, G. N., Hayward, C., Stevenson, J., & Jonsdottir, I. (2012). Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland. Scientific Reports, 2, 1-12. Article 572. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00572

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title = "Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallaj{\"o}kull, Iceland",

abstract = "The 39-day long eruption at the summit of Eyjafjallaj{\"o}kull volcano in April–May 2010 was of modest size but ash was widely dispersed. By combining data from ground surveys and remote sensing we show that the erupted material was 4.8±1.2*1011 kg (benmoreite and trachyte, dense rock equivalent volume 0.18±0.05 km3). About 20% was lava and water-transported tephra, 80% was airborne tephra (bulk volume 0.27 km3) transported by 3–10 km high plumes. The airborne tephra was mostly fine ash (diameter ,1000 mm). At least 7*1010 kg (70 Tg) was very fine ash (<28 μm), several times more than previously estimated via satellite retrievals. About 50% of the tephra fell in Iceland with the remainder carried towards south and east, detected over ∼7 million km2 in Europe and the North Atlantic. Of order 1010 kg (2%) are considered to have been transported longer than 600–700 km with <108 kg (,0.02%) reaching mainland Europe.",

keywords = "Eyjafjallaj{\"o}kull, ash-cloud, Icelandic eruptions, volcanic hazard, ash-generation",

author = "Gudmundsson, {Magnus T.} and Thorvaldur Thordarson and A. Hoskuldsson and G. Larsen and Halldor Bjornsson and Fred Prata and Bjorn Oddsson and Eyjolfur Magnusson and Thordis Hognadottir and Pedersen, {Gudrun Nina} and Chris Hayward and John Stevenson and Ingibjorg Jonsdottir",

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doi = "10.1038/srep00572",

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T1 - Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland

AU - Gudmundsson, Magnus T.

AU - Thordarson, Thorvaldur

AU - Hoskuldsson, A.

AU - Larsen, G.

AU - Bjornsson, Halldor

AU - Prata, Fred

AU - Oddsson, Bjorn

AU - Magnusson, Eyjolfur

AU - Hognadottir, Thordis

AU - Pedersen, Gudrun Nina

AU - Hayward, Chris

AU - Stevenson, John

AU - Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg

PY - 2012/8/14

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N2 - The 39-day long eruption at the summit of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April–May 2010 was of modest size but ash was widely dispersed. By combining data from ground surveys and remote sensing we show that the erupted material was 4.8±1.2*1011 kg (benmoreite and trachyte, dense rock equivalent volume 0.18±0.05 km3). About 20% was lava and water-transported tephra, 80% was airborne tephra (bulk volume 0.27 km3) transported by 3–10 km high plumes. The airborne tephra was mostly fine ash (diameter ,1000 mm). At least 7*1010 kg (70 Tg) was very fine ash (<28 μm), several times more than previously estimated via satellite retrievals. About 50% of the tephra fell in Iceland with the remainder carried towards south and east, detected over ∼7 million km2 in Europe and the North Atlantic. Of order 1010 kg (2%) are considered to have been transported longer than 600–700 km with <108 kg (,0.02%) reaching mainland Europe.

AB - The 39-day long eruption at the summit of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April–May 2010 was of modest size but ash was widely dispersed. By combining data from ground surveys and remote sensing we show that the erupted material was 4.8±1.2*1011 kg (benmoreite and trachyte, dense rock equivalent volume 0.18±0.05 km3). About 20% was lava and water-transported tephra, 80% was airborne tephra (bulk volume 0.27 km3) transported by 3–10 km high plumes. The airborne tephra was mostly fine ash (diameter ,1000 mm). At least 7*1010 kg (70 Tg) was very fine ash (<28 μm), several times more than previously estimated via satellite retrievals. About 50% of the tephra fell in Iceland with the remainder carried towards south and east, detected over ∼7 million km2 in Europe and the North Atlantic. Of order 1010 kg (2%) are considered to have been transported longer than 600–700 km with <108 kg (,0.02%) reaching mainland Europe.

KW - Eyjafjallajökull

KW - ash-cloud

KW - Icelandic eruptions

KW - volcanic hazard

KW - ash-generation

U2 - 10.1038/srep00572

DO - 10.1038/srep00572

M3 - Article

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 2

SP - 1

EP - 12

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

M1 - 572

ER -

Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland

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Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

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