TY - JOUR
T1 - Biochar affects greenhouse gas emissions in various environments: A Critical Review
AU - Lyu, Honghong
AU - Zhang, Hui
AU - Chu, Mengwei
AU - Zhang, Chengfang
AU - Tang, Jingchun
AU - Chang, Scott X.
AU - Masek, Ondrej
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partially supported by: (1) the National Natural Science Foundation of China [42177218, 41877372, U18062162]; (2) the National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1802002]; (3) Hebei Outstanding Youth Science Foundation [D2019202453]; (4) China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M660967]; and (5) the 111 Program, Ministry of Education, China [T2017002]. This work was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (No. 2021R1A2C2011734), Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF‐2021R1A6A1A10045235), and OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Republic of Korea.
Funding Information:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: 41877372, 42177218, U18062162; National Key R&D Program of China, Grant/Award Number: 2018YFC1802002; Hebei Outstanding Youth Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: D2019202453; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 2019M660967; the 111 Program, Ministry of Education, China, Grant/Award Number: T2017002; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIT), Grant/Award Number: 2021R1A2C2011734; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Grant/Award Number: NRF‐2021R1A6A1A10045235; OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Republic of Korea Funding information
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2022/11/1
Y1 - 2022/11/1
N2 - Biochar application to the soil is a novel approach to carbon sequestration. Biochar application affects the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO2, CH4, and N2O, from different environments (e.g. upland soils, rice paddies and wetlands, and composting environments). In this review, the effect of biochar on GHGs emissions from the above three typical environments are critically evaluated based on a literature analysis. First, the properties of biochar and engineered biochar related to GHGs emissions was reviewed, targeting its relationship with climate change mitigation. Then, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of biochar on the emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O in different environments, and the relevant mechanisms. Several parameters were identified as the main influencing factors in the meta-analysis, including the pH of the biochar, feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, biochar application rate, C/N ratio of the biochar, and experimental scale. An overall suppression effect among different environments was found, in the following order for different greenhouse gases: N2O > CH4 > CO2. We conclude that biochar can change the physicochemical properties of soil and compost in different environments, which further shapes the microbial community in a specific environment. Biochar addition affects CO2 emissions by influencing oligotrophic and copiotrophic bacteria; CH4 emissions by regulating the abundance of functional genes, such as mcrA (a methanogen) and pmoA (a methanotroph); and N2O emissions by controlling N-cycling functional genes, including amoA, nirS, nirK, nosZ. Finally, future research directions for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions through biochar application are suggested.
AB - Biochar application to the soil is a novel approach to carbon sequestration. Biochar application affects the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO2, CH4, and N2O, from different environments (e.g. upland soils, rice paddies and wetlands, and composting environments). In this review, the effect of biochar on GHGs emissions from the above three typical environments are critically evaluated based on a literature analysis. First, the properties of biochar and engineered biochar related to GHGs emissions was reviewed, targeting its relationship with climate change mitigation. Then, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of biochar on the emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O in different environments, and the relevant mechanisms. Several parameters were identified as the main influencing factors in the meta-analysis, including the pH of the biochar, feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, biochar application rate, C/N ratio of the biochar, and experimental scale. An overall suppression effect among different environments was found, in the following order for different greenhouse gases: N2O > CH4 > CO2. We conclude that biochar can change the physicochemical properties of soil and compost in different environments, which further shapes the microbial community in a specific environment. Biochar addition affects CO2 emissions by influencing oligotrophic and copiotrophic bacteria; CH4 emissions by regulating the abundance of functional genes, such as mcrA (a methanogen) and pmoA (a methanotroph); and N2O emissions by controlling N-cycling functional genes, including amoA, nirS, nirK, nosZ. Finally, future research directions for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions through biochar application are suggested.
KW - UN Sustainable Development Goals
KW - biochar
KW - black carbon
KW - gasification
KW - pyrolysis
U2 - 10.1002/ldr.4405
DO - 10.1002/ldr.4405
M3 - Article
SN - 1085-3278
VL - 33
SP - 3327
EP - 3342
JO - Land Degradation and Development
JF - Land Degradation and Development
IS - 17
ER -