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Abstract
Nosocomial infection occurs commonly in intensive care units (ICUs). Although critical illness is associated with immune activation, the prevalence of nosocomial infections suggests concomitant immune suppression. This study examined the temporal occurrence of immune dysfunction across three immune cell types, and their relationship with the development of nosocomial infection.
A prospective observational cohort study was undertaken in a teaching hospital general ICU. Critically ill patients were recruited and underwent serial examination of immune status, namely percentage regulatory T-cells (Tregs), monocyte deactivation (by expression) and neutrophil dysfunction (by CD88 expression). The occurrence of nosocomial infection was determined using pre-defined, objective criteria.
Ninety-six patients were recruited, of whom 95 had data available for analysis. Relative to healthy controls, percentage Tregs were elevated 610 days after admission, while monocyte HLA-DR and neutrophil CD88 showed broader depression across time points measured. Thirty-three patients (35) developed nosocomial infection, and patients developing nosocomial infection showed significantly greater immune dysfunction by the measures used. Tregs and neutrophil dysfunction remained significantly predictive of infection in a Cox hazards model correcting for time effects and clinical confounders {hazard ratio (HR) 2.4 [95 confidence interval (CI) 1.15.4] and 6.9 (95 CI 1.630), respectively, P0.001}. Cumulative immune dysfunction resulted in a progressive risk of infection, rising from no cases in patients with no dysfunction to 75 of patients with dysfunction of all three cell types (P0.0004).
Dysfunctions of T-cells, monocytes, and neutrophils predict acquisition of nosocomial infection, and combine additively to stratify risk of nosocomial infection in the critically ill.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 778-787 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | British Journal of Anaesthesia |
Volume | 111 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Nov 2013 |
Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)
- cross infection
- intensive care
- lymphocytes
- neutrophils
- INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS
- REGULATORY T-CELLS
- VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
- NEUTROPHIL DYSFUNCTION
- INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
- C5A RECEPTOR
- SEPSIS
- HUMANS
- IMMUNOSUPPRESSION
- MULTICENTER
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Dive into the research topics of 'Combined dysfunctions of immune cells predict nosocomial infection in critically ill patients'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
- 2 Finished
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PhD STUDENT - JOANNE SIMPSON - Supervisor MOHINI GRAY
Iredale, J. (Principal Investigator)
1/09/12 → 31/08/16
Project: Research
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Cathelicidins as immunomodulators of host defence against infectious diseases
Davidson, D. (Principal Investigator)
1/04/11 → 31/03/17
Project: Research