Comparing rich and poor: burn prevention in Wales, Pakistan, India, Botswana and Zambia

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, over 95% of fire-related burns occur in 'low and middle income countries' (LMIC) [1]. The majority of research, investment and expertise into the prevention and treatment of burns occurs in high income countries (HIC) [2]. Bearing that in mind, this study was conducted in four different LMIC and one HIC, with a view to comparing the knowledge of, and previous exposure to, burn prevention and first aid.

METHODS: A 25 question survey was devised at the Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastics, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, to ascertain the knowledge, attitude, and practice of individuals in five countries, in relation to burns. Overall 1146 participants took part in the survey: 191 from Botswana, 492 from India, 198 from Pakistan, 196 from Wales and 69 from Zambia.

RESULTS: The results show a disparity between the UK and the four LMIC. A higher proportion of those in the UK received information on prevention and on first aid (51.4% vs. 38.1% and 70.9% vs. 40.1%, respectively). In addition, more of those questioned in the UK were able to identify the correct course of action should their clothing catch fire or should they spill hot oil on their arm (54.1% vs. 24.9% and 75% vs. 25.9%, respectively).

CONCLUSION: The results show a discrepancy in the first aid provision, and level of education about burn prevention between a HIC and four LMIC. In addition they suggest an association between an increase in knowledge with better practice in relation to burn prevention and first aid.