Correlative Non-Destructive Techniques to Investigate Ageing and Orientation Effects in Automotive Li-Ion Pouch Cells

Arthur Fordham; Simon M. Lambert; Phoebe Allan; Peter Raymond Slater; Paul A. Anderson; Rhodri Jervis; Paul R. Shearing; Dan J.L. Brett; Zoran Milojevic; Emily Giles; Wenjia Du; Rhodri E. Owen; Stefan Michalik; Philip A. Chater; Prodip K. Das; Pierrot S. Attidekou

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4464165

Correlative Non-Destructive Techniques to Investigate Ageing and Orientation Effects in Automotive Li-Ion Pouch Cells

Arthur Fordham, Simon M. Lambert, Phoebe Allan, Peter Raymond Slater, Paul A. Anderson, Rhodri Jervis, Paul R. Shearing, Dan J.L. Brett, Zoran Milojevic, Emily Giles, Wenjia Du, Rhodri E. Owen, Stefan Michalik, Philip A. Chater, Prodip K. Das, Pierrot S. Attidekou

Research output: Working paper › Preprint

Abstract

The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to raise concern for the disposal of lithium-ion batteries reaching end-of-life (EOL). The cells inside EVs will age differently depending on multiple factors. Yet, following extraction there are significant challenges with characterising degradation in cells that have been aged from real-world EV usage. We employed four non-destructive techniques - infrared thermography, ultrasonic mapping, X-ray computed tomography, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction - to analyse the ageing of Nissan Leaf large-format pouch cells that were arranged in different orientations and locations within the pack. The combination of these methods provided complementary insights into cell degradation, with rotated/vertically aligned cells exhibiting distinct ageing patterns compared to flat/horizontally aligned cells. These findings offer valuable information for pack design and demonstrate how cost-effective non-destructive techniques can provide practical assessment capabilities comparable to synchrotron studies. This approach enables decision support during EoL, enhancing battery production efficiency and minimising material waste.

Original language	English
Publisher	Cell Press
Number of pages	47
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4464165
Publication status	Published - 31 May 2023

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Automotive Li-ion pouch cell
electric vehicle
ageing
infrared thermal imaging
ultrasound acoustic measurement
X-ray tomography
deep learning
synchrotron X-ray diffraction.

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10.2139/ssrn.4464165

1 Article

Correlative non-destructive techniques to investigate aging and orientation effects in automotive Li-ion pouch cells
Fordham, A., Milojevic, Z., Giles, E., Du, W., Owen, R. E., Michalik, S., Chater, P. A., Das, P. K., Attidekou, P. S., Lambert, S. M., Allan, P. K., Slater, P. R., Anderson, P. A., Jervis, R., Shearing, P. R. & Brett, D. J. L., 15 Nov 2023, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Joule. 7, 11, p. 2622-2652 31 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Fordham, A., Lambert, S. M., Allan, P., Slater, P. R., Anderson, P. A., Jervis, R., Shearing, P. R., Brett, D. J. L., Milojevic, Z., Giles, E., Du, W., Owen, R. E., Michalik, S., Chater, P. A., Das, P. K., & Attidekou, P. S. (2023). Correlative Non-Destructive Techniques to Investigate Ageing and Orientation Effects in Automotive Li-Ion Pouch Cells. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4464165

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title = "Correlative Non-Destructive Techniques to Investigate Ageing and Orientation Effects in Automotive Li-Ion Pouch Cells",

abstract = "The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to raise concern for the disposal of lithium-ion batteries reaching end-of-life (EOL). The cells inside EVs will age differently depending on multiple factors. Yet, following extraction there are significant challenges with characterising degradation in cells that have been aged from real-world EV usage. We employed four non-destructive techniques - infrared thermography, ultrasonic mapping, X-ray computed tomography, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction - to analyse the ageing of Nissan Leaf large-format pouch cells that were arranged in different orientations and locations within the pack. The combination of these methods provided complementary insights into cell degradation, with rotated/vertically aligned cells exhibiting distinct ageing patterns compared to flat/horizontally aligned cells. These findings offer valuable information for pack design and demonstrate how cost-effective non-destructive techniques can provide practical assessment capabilities comparable to synchrotron studies. This approach enables decision support during EoL, enhancing battery production efficiency and minimising material waste.",

keywords = "Automotive Li-ion pouch cell, electric vehicle, ageing, infrared thermal imaging, ultrasound acoustic measurement, X-ray tomography, deep learning, synchrotron X-ray diffraction.",

author = "Arthur Fordham and Lambert, {Simon M.} and Phoebe Allan and Slater, {Peter Raymond} and Anderson, {Paul A.} and Rhodri Jervis and Shearing, {Paul R.} and Brett, {Dan J.L.} and Zoran Milojevic and Emily Giles and Wenjia Du and Owen, {Rhodri E.} and Stefan Michalik and Chater, {Philip A.} and Das, {Prodip K.} and Attidekou, {Pierrot S.}",

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AU - Fordham, Arthur

AU - Lambert, Simon M.

AU - Allan, Phoebe

AU - Slater, Peter Raymond

AU - Anderson, Paul A.

AU - Jervis, Rhodri

AU - Shearing, Paul R.

AU - Brett, Dan J.L.

AU - Milojevic, Zoran

AU - Giles, Emily

AU - Du, Wenjia

AU - Owen, Rhodri E.

AU - Michalik, Stefan

AU - Chater, Philip A.

AU - Das, Prodip K.

AU - Attidekou, Pierrot S.

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Y1 - 2023/5/31

N2 - The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to raise concern for the disposal of lithium-ion batteries reaching end-of-life (EOL). The cells inside EVs will age differently depending on multiple factors. Yet, following extraction there are significant challenges with characterising degradation in cells that have been aged from real-world EV usage. We employed four non-destructive techniques - infrared thermography, ultrasonic mapping, X-ray computed tomography, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction - to analyse the ageing of Nissan Leaf large-format pouch cells that were arranged in different orientations and locations within the pack. The combination of these methods provided complementary insights into cell degradation, with rotated/vertically aligned cells exhibiting distinct ageing patterns compared to flat/horizontally aligned cells. These findings offer valuable information for pack design and demonstrate how cost-effective non-destructive techniques can provide practical assessment capabilities comparable to synchrotron studies. This approach enables decision support during EoL, enhancing battery production efficiency and minimising material waste.

AB - The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to raise concern for the disposal of lithium-ion batteries reaching end-of-life (EOL). The cells inside EVs will age differently depending on multiple factors. Yet, following extraction there are significant challenges with characterising degradation in cells that have been aged from real-world EV usage. We employed four non-destructive techniques - infrared thermography, ultrasonic mapping, X-ray computed tomography, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction - to analyse the ageing of Nissan Leaf large-format pouch cells that were arranged in different orientations and locations within the pack. The combination of these methods provided complementary insights into cell degradation, with rotated/vertically aligned cells exhibiting distinct ageing patterns compared to flat/horizontally aligned cells. These findings offer valuable information for pack design and demonstrate how cost-effective non-destructive techniques can provide practical assessment capabilities comparable to synchrotron studies. This approach enables decision support during EoL, enhancing battery production efficiency and minimising material waste.

KW - Automotive Li-ion pouch cell

KW - electric vehicle

KW - ageing

KW - infrared thermal imaging

KW - ultrasound acoustic measurement

KW - X-ray tomography

KW - deep learning

KW - synchrotron X-ray diffraction.

U2 - 10.2139/ssrn.4464165

DO - 10.2139/ssrn.4464165

M3 - Preprint

BT - Correlative Non-Destructive Techniques to Investigate Ageing and Orientation Effects in Automotive Li-Ion Pouch Cells

PB - Cell Press

ER -

Correlative Non-Destructive Techniques to Investigate Ageing and Orientation Effects in Automotive Li-Ion Pouch Cells

Abstract

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

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Research output

Correlative non-destructive techniques to investigate aging and orientation effects in automotive Li-ion pouch cells

Cite this