Developing automatic speech recognition for Scottish Gaelic

This paper discusses our efforts to develop a full automatic speech recognition (ASR) system for Scottish Gaelic, starting froma point of limited resource. Building ASR technology is important for documenting and revitalising endangered languages;it enables existing resources to be enhanced with automatic subtitles and transcriptions, improves accessibility for users,and, in turn, encourages continued use of the language. In this paper, we explain the many difficulties faced when collecting minority language data for speech recognition. A novel cross-lingual approach to the alignment of training data is used to overcome one such difficulty, and in this way we demonstrate how majority language resources can bootstrap the development of lower-resourced language technology. We use the Kaldi speech recognition toolkit to develop several Gaelic ASR systems,and report a final WER of 26.30%. This is a 9.50% improvement on our original model.