Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals

LifeLines Cohort Study

doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z

Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals

LifeLines Cohort Study

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract / Description of output

Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.

Original language	English
Article number	580
Pages (from-to)	580
Journal	Communications Biology
Volume	5
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z
Publication status	Published - 13 Jun 2022

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Creatinine
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics
Genome-Wide Association Study
Glomerular Filtration Rate/genetics
Humans
Kidney

Access to Document

10.1038/s42003-022-03448-zLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY)

Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individualsFinal published version, 41.5 MBLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY)

Cite this

@article{0259cb52cd4b44578fadab6d14380bb4,

title = "Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals",

abstract = "Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.",

keywords = "Creatinine, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glomerular Filtration Rate/genetics, Humans, Kidney",

author = "{LifeLines Cohort Study} and Winkler, {Thomas W} and Humaira Rasheed and Alexander Teumer and Mathias Gorski and Rowan, {Bryce X} and Stanzick, {Kira J} and Thomas, {Laurent F} and Adrienne Tin and Anselm Hoppmann and Chu, {Audrey Y} and Bamidele Tayo and Thio, {Chris H L} and Daniele Cusi and Jin-Fang Chai and Sieber, {Karsten B} and Katrin Horn and Man Li and Markus Scholz and Massimiliano Cocca and Matthias Wuttke and {van der Most}, {Peter J} and Qiong Yang and Sahar Ghasemi and Teresa Nutile and Yong Li and Giulia Pontali and Felix G{\"u}nther and Abbas Dehghan and Adolfo Correa and Afshin Parsa and Agnese Feresin and {de Vries}, {Aiko P J} and Zonderman, {Alan B} and Smith, {Albert V} and Oldehinkel, {Albertine J} and {De Grandi}, Alessandro and Rosenkranz, {Alexander R} and Andre Franke and Andrej Teren and Andres Metspalu and Hicks, {Andrew A} and Morris, {Andrew P} and Anke T{\"o}njes and Anna Morgan and Podgornaia, {Anna I} and Annette Peters and Antje K{\"o}rner and Anubha Mahajan and Archie Campbell and Freedman, {Barry I} and Beatrice Spedicati and Belen Ponte and Ben Sch{\"o}ttker and Ben Brumpton and Bernhard Banas and Kr{\"a}mer, {Bernhard K} and Bettina Jung and {\AA}svold, {Bj{\o}rn Olav} and Smith, {Blair H} and Boting Ning and Penninx, {Brenda W J H} and Vanderwerff, {Brett R} and Psaty, {Bruce M} and Kammerer, {Candace M} and Langefeld, {Carl D} and Caroline Hayward and Spracklen, {Cassandra N} and Cassianne Robinson-Cohen and Hartman, {Catharina A} and Lindgren, {Cecilia M} and Chaolong Wang and Charumathi Sabanayagam and Chew-Kiat Heng and Chiara Lanzani and Chiea-Chuen Khor and Ching-Yu Cheng and Christian Fuchsberger and Christian Gieger and Shaffer, {Christian M} and Christina-Alexandra Schulz and Willer, {Cristen J} and Chasman, {Daniel I} and Gudbjartsson, {Daniel F} and Daniela Ruggiero and Daniela Toniolo and Darina Czamara and Porteous, {David J} and Waterworth, {Dawn M} and Deborah Mascalzoni and Mook-Kanamori, {Dennis O} and Reilly, {Dermot F} and Daw, {E Warwick} and Edith Hofer and Eric Boerwinkle and Erika Salvi and Bottinger, {Erwin P} and E-Shyong Tai and Eulalia Catamo and Federica Rizzi and Feng Guo and Fernando Rivadeneira and Franco Guilianini and Gardar Sveinbjornsson and Georg Ehret and Gerard Waeber and Ginevra Biino and Giorgia Girotto and Giorgio Pistis and Nadkarni, {Girish N} and Delgado, {Graciela E} and Montgomery, {Grant W} and Harold Snieder and Harry Campbell and White, {Harvey D} and He Gao and Stringham, {Heather M} and Helena Schmidt and Hengtong Li and Hermann Brenner and Hilma Holm and Holgen Kirsten and Holly Kramer and Igor Rudan and Nolte, {Ilja M} and Ioanna Tzoulaki and Isleifur Olafsson and Jade Martins and Wilson, {James F} and Jan Halbritter and Felix, {Janine F} and Jasmin Divers and Kooner, {Jaspal S} and Lee, {Jeannette Jen-Mai} and Jeffrey O'Connell and Rotter, {Jerome I} and Jianjun Liu and Jie Xu and Joachim Thiery and Johan {\"A}rnl{\"o}v and Johanna Kuusisto and Johanna Jakobsdottir and Johanne Tremblay and Chambers, {John C} and Whitfield, {John B} and Gaziano, {John M} and Jonathan Marten and Josef Coresh and Jonas, {Jost B} and Mychaleckyj, {Josyf C} and Kaare Christensen and Kai-Uwe Eckardt and Mohlke, {Karen L} and Karlhans Endlich and Katalin Dittrich and Ryan, {Kathleen A} and Rice, {Kenneth M} and Taylor, {Kent D} and Kevin Ho and Kjell Nikus and Koichi Matsuda and Konstantin Strauch and Kozeta Miliku and Kristian Hveem and Lars Lind and Lars Wallentin and Yerges-Armstrong, {Laura M} and Raffield, {Laura M} and Phillips, {Lawrence S} and Launer, {Lenore J} and Leo-Pekka Lyytik{\"a}inen and Lange, {Leslie A} and Lorena Citterio and Lucija Klaric and Ikram, {M Arfan} and Marcus Ising and Kleber, {Marcus E} and Margherita Francescatto and Concas, {Maria Pina} and Marina Ciullo and Mario Piratsu and Marju Orho-Melander and Markku Laakso and Markus Loeffler and Markus Perola and {de Borst}, {Martin H} and Martin G{\"o}gele and Bianca, {Martina La} and Lukas, {Mary Ann} and Feitosa, {Mary F} and Biggs, {Mary L} and Wojczynski, {Mary K} and Maryam Kavousi and Masahiro Kanai and Masato Akiyama and Masayuki Yasuda and Matthias Nauck and Melanie Waldenberger and Miao-Li Chee and Miao-Ling Chee and Michael Boehnke and Preuss, {Michael H} and Michael Stumvoll and Province, {Michael A} and Evans, {Michele K} and O'Donoghue, {Michelle L} and Michiaki Kubo and Mika K{\"a}h{\"o}nen and Mika Kastarinen and Nalls, {Mike A} and Mikko Kuokkanen and Mohsen Ghanbari and Murielle Bochud and Josyula, {Navya Shilpa} and Martin, {Nicholas G} and Tan, {Nicholas Y Q} and Palmer, {Nicholette D} and Nicola Pirastu and Nicole Schupf and Niek Verweij and Nina Hutri-K{\"a}h{\"o}nen and Nina Mononen and Nisha Bansal and Olivier Devuyst and Olle Melander and Raitakari, {Olli T} and Ozren Polasek and Paolo Manunta and Paolo Gasparini and Mishra, {Pashupati P} and Patrick Sulem and Magnusson, {Patrik K E} and Paul Elliott and Ridker, {Paul M} and Pavel Hamet and Svensson, {Per O} and Joshi, {Peter K} and Peter Kovacs and Pramstaller, {Peter P} and Peter Rossing and Peter Vollenweider and {van der Harst}, Pim and Rajkumar Dorajoo and Sim, {Ralene Z H} and Ralph Burkhardt and Ran Tao and Raymond Noordam and Reedik M{\"a}gi and Reinhold Schmidt and {de Mutsert}, Ren{\'e}e and Rico Rueedi and {van Dam}, {Rob M} and Carroll, {Robert J} and Gansevoort, {Ron T} and Loos, {Ruth J F} and Felicita, {Sala Cinzia} and Sanaz Sedaghat and Sandosh Padmanabhan and Sandra Freitag-Wolf and Pendergrass, {Sarah A} and Graham, {Sarah E} and Gordon, {Scott D} and Shih-Jen Hwang and Kerr, {Shona M} and Simona Vaccargiu and Patil, {Snehal B} and Stein Hallan and Bakker, {Stephan J L} and Su-Chi Lim and Susanne Lucae and Suzanne Vogelezang and Sven Bergmann and Tanguy Corre and Ahluwalia, {Tarunveer S} and Terho Lehtim{\"a}ki and Boutin, {Thibaud S} and Thomas Meitinger and Tien-Yin Wong and Tobias Bergler and Rabelink, {Ton J} and T{\~o}nu Esko and Toomas Haller and Unnur Thorsteinsdottir and Uwe V{\"o}lker and Foo, {Valencia Hui Xian} and Veikko Salomaa and Veronique Vitart and Vilmantas Giedraitis and Vilmundur Gudnason and Jaddoe, {Vincent W V} and Wei Huang and Weihua Zhang and Wei, {Wen Bin} and Wieland Kiess and Winfried M{\"a}rz and Wolfgang Koenig and Wolfgang Lieb and Xin Gao and Xueling Sim and Wang, {Ya Xing} and Yechiel Friedlander and Yih-Chung Tham and Yoichiro Kamatani and Yukinori Okada and Yuri Milaneschi and Zhi Yu and Stark, {Klaus J} and Kari Stefansson and B{\"o}ger, {Carsten A} and Hung, {Adriana M} and Florian Kronenberg and Anna K{\"o}ttgen and Cristian Pattaro and Heid, {Iris M}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s).",

year = "2022",

month = jun,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z",

language = "English",

volume = "5",

pages = "580",

journal = "Communications Biology",

issn = "2399-3642",

publisher = "Springer Nature",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals

AU - LifeLines Cohort Study

AU - Winkler, Thomas W

AU - Rasheed, Humaira

AU - Teumer, Alexander

AU - Gorski, Mathias

AU - Rowan, Bryce X

AU - Stanzick, Kira J

AU - Thomas, Laurent F

AU - Tin, Adrienne

AU - Hoppmann, Anselm

AU - Chu, Audrey Y

AU - Tayo, Bamidele

AU - Thio, Chris H L

AU - Cusi, Daniele

AU - Chai, Jin-Fang

AU - Sieber, Karsten B

AU - Horn, Katrin

AU - Li, Man

AU - Scholz, Markus

AU - Cocca, Massimiliano

AU - Wuttke, Matthias

AU - van der Most, Peter J

AU - Yang, Qiong

AU - Ghasemi, Sahar

AU - Nutile, Teresa

AU - Li, Yong

AU - Pontali, Giulia

AU - Günther, Felix

AU - Dehghan, Abbas

AU - Correa, Adolfo

AU - Parsa, Afshin

AU - Feresin, Agnese

AU - de Vries, Aiko P J

AU - Zonderman, Alan B

AU - Smith, Albert V

AU - Oldehinkel, Albertine J

AU - De Grandi, Alessandro

AU - Rosenkranz, Alexander R

AU - Franke, Andre

AU - Teren, Andrej

AU - Metspalu, Andres

AU - Hicks, Andrew A

AU - Morris, Andrew P

AU - Tönjes, Anke

AU - Morgan, Anna

AU - Podgornaia, Anna I

AU - Peters, Annette

AU - Körner, Antje

AU - Mahajan, Anubha

AU - Campbell, Archie

AU - Freedman, Barry I

AU - Spedicati, Beatrice

AU - Ponte, Belen

AU - Schöttker, Ben

AU - Brumpton, Ben

AU - Banas, Bernhard

AU - Krämer, Bernhard K

AU - Jung, Bettina

AU - Åsvold, Bjørn Olav

AU - Smith, Blair H

AU - Ning, Boting

AU - Penninx, Brenda W J H

AU - Vanderwerff, Brett R

AU - Psaty, Bruce M

AU - Kammerer, Candace M

AU - Langefeld, Carl D

AU - Hayward, Caroline

AU - Spracklen, Cassandra N

AU - Robinson-Cohen, Cassianne

AU - Hartman, Catharina A

AU - Lindgren, Cecilia M

AU - Wang, Chaolong

AU - Sabanayagam, Charumathi

AU - Heng, Chew-Kiat

AU - Lanzani, Chiara

AU - Khor, Chiea-Chuen

AU - Cheng, Ching-Yu

AU - Fuchsberger, Christian

AU - Gieger, Christian

AU - Shaffer, Christian M

AU - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra

AU - Willer, Cristen J

AU - Chasman, Daniel I

AU - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F

AU - Ruggiero, Daniela

AU - Toniolo, Daniela

AU - Czamara, Darina

AU - Porteous, David J

AU - Waterworth, Dawn M

AU - Mascalzoni, Deborah

AU - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O

AU - Reilly, Dermot F

AU - Daw, E Warwick

AU - Hofer, Edith

AU - Boerwinkle, Eric

AU - Salvi, Erika

AU - Bottinger, Erwin P

AU - Tai, E-Shyong

AU - Catamo, Eulalia

AU - Rizzi, Federica

AU - Guo, Feng

AU - Rivadeneira, Fernando

AU - Guilianini, Franco

AU - Sveinbjornsson, Gardar

AU - Ehret, Georg

AU - Waeber, Gerard

AU - Biino, Ginevra

AU - Girotto, Giorgia

AU - Pistis, Giorgio

AU - Nadkarni, Girish N

AU - Delgado, Graciela E

AU - Montgomery, Grant W

AU - Snieder, Harold

AU - Campbell, Harry

AU - White, Harvey D

AU - Gao, He

AU - Stringham, Heather M

AU - Schmidt, Helena

AU - Li, Hengtong

AU - Brenner, Hermann

AU - Holm, Hilma

AU - Kirsten, Holgen

AU - Kramer, Holly

AU - Rudan, Igor

AU - Nolte, Ilja M

AU - Tzoulaki, Ioanna

AU - Olafsson, Isleifur

AU - Martins, Jade

AU - Wilson, James F

AU - Halbritter, Jan

AU - Felix, Janine F

AU - Divers, Jasmin

AU - Kooner, Jaspal S

AU - Lee, Jeannette Jen-Mai

AU - O'Connell, Jeffrey

AU - Rotter, Jerome I

AU - Liu, Jianjun

AU - Xu, Jie

AU - Thiery, Joachim

AU - Ärnlöv, Johan

AU - Kuusisto, Johanna

AU - Jakobsdottir, Johanna

AU - Tremblay, Johanne

AU - Chambers, John C

AU - Whitfield, John B

AU - Gaziano, John M

AU - Marten, Jonathan

AU - Coresh, Josef

AU - Jonas, Jost B

AU - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C

AU - Christensen, Kaare

AU - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe

AU - Mohlke, Karen L

AU - Endlich, Karlhans

AU - Dittrich, Katalin

AU - Ryan, Kathleen A

AU - Rice, Kenneth M

AU - Taylor, Kent D

AU - Ho, Kevin

AU - Nikus, Kjell

AU - Matsuda, Koichi

AU - Strauch, Konstantin

AU - Miliku, Kozeta

AU - Hveem, Kristian

AU - Lind, Lars

AU - Wallentin, Lars

AU - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M

AU - Raffield, Laura M

AU - Phillips, Lawrence S

AU - Launer, Lenore J

AU - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka

AU - Lange, Leslie A

AU - Citterio, Lorena

AU - Klaric, Lucija

AU - Ikram, M Arfan

AU - Ising, Marcus

AU - Kleber, Marcus E

AU - Francescatto, Margherita

AU - Concas, Maria Pina

AU - Ciullo, Marina

AU - Piratsu, Mario

AU - Orho-Melander, Marju

AU - Laakso, Markku

AU - Loeffler, Markus

AU - Perola, Markus

AU - de Borst, Martin H

AU - Gögele, Martin

AU - Bianca, Martina La

AU - Lukas, Mary Ann

AU - Feitosa, Mary F

AU - Biggs, Mary L

AU - Wojczynski, Mary K

AU - Kavousi, Maryam

AU - Kanai, Masahiro

AU - Akiyama, Masato

AU - Yasuda, Masayuki

AU - Nauck, Matthias

AU - Waldenberger, Melanie

AU - Chee, Miao-Li

AU - Chee, Miao-Ling

AU - Boehnke, Michael

AU - Preuss, Michael H

AU - Stumvoll, Michael

AU - Province, Michael A

AU - Evans, Michele K

AU - O'Donoghue, Michelle L

AU - Kubo, Michiaki

AU - Kähönen, Mika

AU - Kastarinen, Mika

AU - Nalls, Mike A

AU - Kuokkanen, Mikko

AU - Ghanbari, Mohsen

AU - Bochud, Murielle

AU - Josyula, Navya Shilpa

AU - Martin, Nicholas G

AU - Tan, Nicholas Y Q

AU - Palmer, Nicholette D

AU - Pirastu, Nicola

AU - Schupf, Nicole

AU - Verweij, Niek

AU - Hutri-Kähönen, Nina

AU - Mononen, Nina

AU - Bansal, Nisha

AU - Devuyst, Olivier

AU - Melander, Olle

AU - Raitakari, Olli T

AU - Polasek, Ozren

AU - Manunta, Paolo

AU - Gasparini, Paolo

AU - Mishra, Pashupati P

AU - Sulem, Patrick

AU - Magnusson, Patrik K E

AU - Elliott, Paul

AU - Ridker, Paul M

AU - Hamet, Pavel

AU - Svensson, Per O

AU - Joshi, Peter K

AU - Kovacs, Peter

AU - Pramstaller, Peter P

AU - Rossing, Peter

AU - Vollenweider, Peter

AU - van der Harst, Pim

AU - Dorajoo, Rajkumar

AU - Sim, Ralene Z H

AU - Burkhardt, Ralph

AU - Tao, Ran

AU - Noordam, Raymond

AU - Mägi, Reedik

AU - Schmidt, Reinhold

AU - de Mutsert, Renée

AU - Rueedi, Rico

AU - van Dam, Rob M

AU - Carroll, Robert J

AU - Gansevoort, Ron T

AU - Loos, Ruth J F

AU - Felicita, Sala Cinzia

AU - Sedaghat, Sanaz

AU - Padmanabhan, Sandosh

AU - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra

AU - Pendergrass, Sarah A

AU - Graham, Sarah E

AU - Gordon, Scott D

AU - Hwang, Shih-Jen

AU - Kerr, Shona M

AU - Vaccargiu, Simona

AU - Patil, Snehal B

AU - Hallan, Stein

AU - Bakker, Stephan J L

AU - Lim, Su-Chi

AU - Lucae, Susanne

AU - Vogelezang, Suzanne

AU - Bergmann, Sven

AU - Corre, Tanguy

AU - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S

AU - Lehtimäki, Terho

AU - Boutin, Thibaud S

AU - Meitinger, Thomas

AU - Wong, Tien-Yin

AU - Bergler, Tobias

AU - Rabelink, Ton J

AU - Esko, Tõnu

AU - Haller, Toomas

AU - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur

AU - Völker, Uwe

AU - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian

AU - Salomaa, Veikko

AU - Vitart, Veronique

AU - Giedraitis, Vilmantas

AU - Gudnason, Vilmundur

AU - Jaddoe, Vincent W V

AU - Huang, Wei

AU - Zhang, Weihua

AU - Wei, Wen Bin

AU - Kiess, Wieland

AU - März, Winfried

AU - Koenig, Wolfgang

AU - Lieb, Wolfgang

AU - Gao, Xin

AU - Sim, Xueling

AU - Wang, Ya Xing

AU - Friedlander, Yechiel

AU - Tham, Yih-Chung

AU - Kamatani, Yoichiro

AU - Okada, Yukinori

AU - Milaneschi, Yuri

AU - Yu, Zhi

AU - Stark, Klaus J

AU - Stefansson, Kari

AU - Böger, Carsten A

AU - Hung, Adriana M

AU - Kronenberg, Florian

AU - Köttgen, Anna

AU - Pattaro, Cristian

AU - Heid, Iris M

PY - 2022/6/13

Y1 - 2022/6/13

N2 - Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.

AB - Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.

KW - Creatinine

KW - Diabetes Mellitus

KW - Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics

KW - Genome-Wide Association Study

KW - Glomerular Filtration Rate/genetics

KW - Humans

KW - Kidney

U2 - 10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z

DO - 10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z

M3 - Article

C2 - 35697829

SN - 2399-3642

VL - 5

SP - 580

JO - Communications Biology

JF - Communications Biology

IS - 1

M1 - 580

ER -

Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals

Abstract / Description of output

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Access to Document

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Cite this