Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction

M. G. Gorman; R. Briggs; E. E. McBride; A. Higginbotham; B. Arnold; J. H. Eggert; D. E. Fratanduono; E. Galtier; A. E. Lazicki; H. J. Lee; H. P. Liermann; B. Nagler; A. Rothkirch; R. F. Smith; D. C. Swift; G. W. Collins; J. S. Wark; M. I. McMahon

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701

Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction

M. G. Gorman^*, R. Briggs, E. E. McBride, A. Higginbotham, B. Arnold, J. H. Eggert, D. E. Fratanduono, E. Galtier, A. E. Lazicki, H. J. Lee, H. P. Liermann, B. Nagler, A. Rothkirch, R. F. Smith, D. C. Swift, G. W. Collins, J. S. Wark, M. I. McMahon

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract / Description of output

The melting of bismuth in response to shock compression has been studied using in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction at an x-ray free electron laser. Both solid-solid and solid-liquid phase transitions are documented using changes in discrete diffraction peaks and the emergence of broad, liquid scattering upon release from shock pressures up to 14 GPa. The transformation from the solid state to the liquid is found to occur in less than 3 ns, very much faster than previously believed. These results are the first quantitative measurements of a liquid material obtained on shock release using x-ray diffraction, and provide an upper limit for the time scale of melting of bismuth under shock loading.

Original language	English
Article number	095701
Number of pages	5
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	115
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701
Publication status	Published - 28 Aug 2015

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

HIGH-PRESSURE
PHASE-TRANSITION
MAGNESIUM-OXIDE
LIQUID BISMUTH
OMEGA LASER
TEMPERATURE
EQUATION
CRYSTAL
MATTER
STATE

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701

LX14281_As-SubmittedAccepted author manuscript, 1.29 MB

The Creation and Diagnosis of Soild-State Matter at Multi-TeraPascal Pressures
McMahon, M.
EPSRC
30/09/12 → 31/03/17
Project: Research

Malcolm McMahon
- m.i.mcmahoned.acuk
- School of Physics and Astronomy - Personal Chair
Person: Academic: Research Active

Cite this

Gorman, M. G., Briggs, R., McBride, E. E., Higginbotham, A., Arnold, B., Eggert, J. H., Fratanduono, D. E., Galtier, E., Lazicki, A. E., Lee, H. J., Liermann, H. P., Nagler, B., Rothkirch, A., Smith, R. F., Swift, D. C., Collins, G. W., Wark, J. S., & McMahon, M. I. (2015). Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction. Physical Review Letters, 115(9), Article 095701. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701

@article{4398eae1912147c1ae6b21a8f7e471ca,

title = "Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction",

abstract = "The melting of bismuth in response to shock compression has been studied using in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction at an x-ray free electron laser. Both solid-solid and solid-liquid phase transitions are documented using changes in discrete diffraction peaks and the emergence of broad, liquid scattering upon release from shock pressures up to 14 GPa. The transformation from the solid state to the liquid is found to occur in less than 3 ns, very much faster than previously believed. These results are the first quantitative measurements of a liquid material obtained on shock release using x-ray diffraction, and provide an upper limit for the time scale of melting of bismuth under shock loading.",

keywords = "HIGH-PRESSURE, PHASE-TRANSITION, MAGNESIUM-OXIDE, LIQUID BISMUTH, OMEGA LASER, TEMPERATURE, EQUATION, CRYSTAL, MATTER, STATE",

author = "Gorman, {M. G.} and R. Briggs and McBride, {E. E.} and A. Higginbotham and B. Arnold and Eggert, {J. H.} and Fratanduono, {D. E.} and E. Galtier and Lazicki, {A. E.} and Lee, {H. J.} and Liermann, {H. P.} and B. Nagler and A. Rothkirch and Smith, {R. F.} and Swift, {D. C.} and Collins, {G. W.} and Wark, {J. S.} and McMahon, {M. I.}",

note = "DoA is a proxy.",

year = "2015",

month = aug,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701",

language = "English",

volume = "115",

journal = "Physical Review Letters",

issn = "0031-9007",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "9",

}

Gorman, MG, Briggs, R, McBride, EE, Higginbotham, A, Arnold, B, Eggert, JH, Fratanduono, DE, Galtier, E, Lazicki, AE, Lee, HJ, Liermann, HP, Nagler, B, Rothkirch, A, Smith, RF, Swift, DC, Collins, GW, Wark, JS & McMahon, MI 2015, 'Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction', Physical Review Letters, vol. 115, no. 9, 095701. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701

TY - JOUR

T1 - Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction

AU - Gorman, M. G.

AU - Briggs, R.

AU - McBride, E. E.

AU - Higginbotham, A.

AU - Arnold, B.

AU - Eggert, J. H.

AU - Fratanduono, D. E.

AU - Galtier, E.

AU - Lazicki, A. E.

AU - Lee, H. J.

AU - Liermann, H. P.

AU - Nagler, B.

AU - Rothkirch, A.

AU - Smith, R. F.

AU - Swift, D. C.

AU - Collins, G. W.

AU - Wark, J. S.

AU - McMahon, M. I.

N1 - DoA is a proxy.

PY - 2015/8/28

Y1 - 2015/8/28

N2 - The melting of bismuth in response to shock compression has been studied using in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction at an x-ray free electron laser. Both solid-solid and solid-liquid phase transitions are documented using changes in discrete diffraction peaks and the emergence of broad, liquid scattering upon release from shock pressures up to 14 GPa. The transformation from the solid state to the liquid is found to occur in less than 3 ns, very much faster than previously believed. These results are the first quantitative measurements of a liquid material obtained on shock release using x-ray diffraction, and provide an upper limit for the time scale of melting of bismuth under shock loading.

AB - The melting of bismuth in response to shock compression has been studied using in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction at an x-ray free electron laser. Both solid-solid and solid-liquid phase transitions are documented using changes in discrete diffraction peaks and the emergence of broad, liquid scattering upon release from shock pressures up to 14 GPa. The transformation from the solid state to the liquid is found to occur in less than 3 ns, very much faster than previously believed. These results are the first quantitative measurements of a liquid material obtained on shock release using x-ray diffraction, and provide an upper limit for the time scale of melting of bismuth under shock loading.

KW - HIGH-PRESSURE

KW - PHASE-TRANSITION

KW - MAGNESIUM-OXIDE

KW - LIQUID BISMUTH

KW - OMEGA LASER

KW - TEMPERATURE

KW - EQUATION

KW - CRYSTAL

KW - MATTER

KW - STATE

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.095701

M3 - Article

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 115

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

IS - 9

M1 - 095701

ER -

Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction

Abstract / Description of output

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

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The Creation and Diagnosis of Soild-State Matter at Multi-TeraPascal Pressures

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Malcolm McMahon

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