Editorial: Multiphysics, multiphase and multiscale modeling and characterization of porous media in electrochemical energy systems

Porous materials play an important role in the electrodes of electrochemical energy systems (e.g., fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors) by enhancing ion transport, increasing surface active area, and improving charge storage capacity. Porosity increases volumetric density of actives sites, allows efficient electrolyte penetration, facilitating fast ion diffusion and reducing resistance. In supercapacitors and batteries, materials like metal-organic frameworks, porous carbons, and mesoporous oxides improve energy density and cycle stability. They enable high-performance electrodes with superior conductivity and electrochemical stability. Additionally, tunable pore structures optimize ion accessibility, enhancing power output and charge-discharge efficiency. As energy demands grow, porous materials drive advancements in next-generation energy storage technologies, making them vital for sustainable energy solutions.