TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of intrapartum azithromycin on gut microbiota development in early childhood
T2 - A post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized trial
AU - Sanyang, Bakary
AU - de Silva, Thushan I.
AU - Camara, Bully
AU - Beloum, Nathalie
AU - Kanteh, Abdoulie
AU - Manneh, Jarra
AU - de Steenhuijsen Piters, Wouter A.A.
AU - Bogaert, Debby
AU - Sesay, Abdul Karim
AU - Roca, Anna
N1 - This study was conceived and designed by A.R. and supported by A.K.S., T.d.S., and B.S. Sample selection was carried out by A.R. and B.S. The field work was led by B.C. and N.B. The laboratory work including DNA extraction, library preparation, and sequencing was carried out by B.S. with support from J.M. All laboratory work was supervised by A.K.S. B.S. carried out the primary bioinformatic analysis with support from A.K. 16S microbial community analysis was carried out by B.S. and supported by T.d.S., W.A.A.d.S.P., and D.B. B.S. and A.R. drafted the manuscript. T.d.S., D.B., W.A.A.d.S.P., A.K.S., B.C., and A.K. contributed to editing the manuscript. All authors approved the last version of the manuscript.
PY - 2024/9/20
Y1 - 2024/9/20
N2 - Intrapartum azithromycin prophylaxis has shown the potential to reduce maternal infections but showed no effect on neonatal sepsis and mortality. Antibiotic exposure early in life may affect gut microbiota development, leading to undesired consequences. Therefore, we here assessed the impact of 2 g oral intrapartum azithromycin on gut microbiota development from birth to the age of 3 years, by 16S-rRNA gene profiling of rectal samples from 127 healthy Gambian infants selected from a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial (PregnAnZI-2). Microbiota trajectories showed, over the first month of life, a slower community transition and increase of
Enterobacteriaceae (
p = 0.001) and
Enterococcaceae (
p = 0.064) and a decrease of
Bifidobacterium (
p < 0.001) in the azithromycin compared to the placebo arm. Intrapartum azithromycin alters gut microbiota development and increases proinflammatory bacteria in the first month of life, which may have undesirable effects on the child.
AB - Intrapartum azithromycin prophylaxis has shown the potential to reduce maternal infections but showed no effect on neonatal sepsis and mortality. Antibiotic exposure early in life may affect gut microbiota development, leading to undesired consequences. Therefore, we here assessed the impact of 2 g oral intrapartum azithromycin on gut microbiota development from birth to the age of 3 years, by 16S-rRNA gene profiling of rectal samples from 127 healthy Gambian infants selected from a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial (PregnAnZI-2). Microbiota trajectories showed, over the first month of life, a slower community transition and increase of
Enterobacteriaceae (
p = 0.001) and
Enterococcaceae (
p = 0.064) and a decrease of
Bifidobacterium (
p < 0.001) in the azithromycin compared to the placebo arm. Intrapartum azithromycin alters gut microbiota development and increases proinflammatory bacteria in the first month of life, which may have undesirable effects on the child.
U2 - 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110626
DO - 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110626
M3 - Article
C2 - 39262807
SN - 2589-0042
VL - 27
JO - iScience
JF - iScience
IS - 9
M1 - 110626
ER -