@article{bf3f5c922eb5434d9f0756c791f96aaa,
title = "Evidence for Changes in Arctic Cloud Phase Due to Long-Range Pollution Transport",
abstract = "Reduced precipitation rates allow pollution within air parcels from midlatitudes to reach the Arctic without being scavenged. We use satellite and tracer transport model data sets to evaluate the degree of supercooling required for 50% of a chosen ensemble of low-level clouds to be in the ice phase for a given meteorological regime. Our results suggest that smaller cloud droplet effective radii are related to higher required amounts of supercooling but that, overall, pollution plumes from fossil fuel combustion lower the degree of supercooling that is required for freezing by approximately 4 °C. The relationship between anthropogenic plumes and the freezing transition temperature from liquid to ice remains to be explained.",
keywords = "aerosol-cloud interaction, Arctic, clouds, ice nucleation, space-based measurements",
author = "Q. Coopman and J. Riedi and Finch, {D. P.} and Garrett, {T. J.}",
note = "Funding Information: This paper is dedicated posthumously to Kyle Tietze, who developed many of the techniques used in this study while a graduate student at the University of Utah. We thank an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments on the manuscript. The full data set can be found on the NSF Arctic Data Center under the https://doi.org/10.18739/A27C51. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under the grant 1303965, the NERC studentship NE/K500835/1, the Pollution in the ARCtic System (PARCS) project, and the University of Lille. The authors thank ICARE/AERIS, NASA, and CNES for the data used in this research. Funding Information: This paper is dedicated posthumously to Kyle Tietze, who developed many of the techniques used in this study while a graduate student at the University of Utah. We thank an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments on the manuscript. The full data set can be found on the NSF Arctic Data Center under the https://doi.org/10.18739/ A27C51. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under the grant 1303965, the NERC studentship NE/K500835/1, the Pollution in the ARCtic System (PARCS) project, and the University of Lille. The authors thank ICARE/AERIS, NASA, and CNES for the data used in this research. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = oct,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1029/2018GL079873",
language = "English",
volume = "45",
pages = "10,709--10,718",
journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",
issn = "0094-8276",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "19",
}