Governance of Olympic environmental stakeholders

The purpose of this paper was to examine the governancemechanisms that the International Olympic Committee (IOC)utilizes to govern environmental stakeholders in the managementof the Olympic Games. A case study was built focusing onarchival data from the Olympic Movement. Via a qualitativeapproach, content analysis was employed to interpret this archivaldata. Several environmental stakeholders were considered asidefrom the IOC: Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games(OCOGs), local governments, environmental organizations, andsponsors. The IOC utilized a number of policy governance mechanisms to encourage the inclusion of environmental stakeholdersinto the management of Games. These included a combination ofcoercive, framework, and voluntarism policies as well as the HostCity Contract. These modes of policy governance contribute tothe sport event management literature by providing an outline ofthe most influential environmental stakeholders in the Movementand how the IOC enforces their inclusion and compliance.