Lactulose drives a reversible reduction and qualitative modulation of the faecal microbiota diversity in healthy dogs

Marisa Ferreira; Silke Salavati Schmitz; Jeffrey Schoenebeck; Dylan Clements; Susan Campbell; Donna Gaylor; Richard Mellanby; Adam Gow; Mazdak Salavati

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50090-7

Lactulose drives a reversible reduction and qualitative modulation of the faecal microbiota diversity in healthy dogs

Marisa Ferreira, Silke Salavati Schmitz, Jeffrey Schoenebeck, Dylan Clements, Susan Campbell, Donna Gaylor, Richard Mellanby, Adam Gow, Mazdak Salavati

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract / Description of output

Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent and debilitating complication of liver disorders. Lactulose is an established and reasonably effective treatment, yet with incompletely understood mechanisms of action. The aims of this study were to examine how the faecal microbiota composition changed before,
during and after lactulose treatment in a large animal model. Healthy, privately owned dogs (n = 18) completed a prospective cohort study. Faecal samples were collected weekly, while the subjects were either on their usual diet (week 1), or a standardised diet (weeks 2–9), with added oral lactulose in weeks
6–7. DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were undertaken. Faecal samples from week 7 had a significantly lower microbiota richness/diversity, based on observed operational taxonomic units, Shannon/Chao1 indexes and Pielou’s Evenness. Beta diversity based on UniFrac distances was significantly different in week 7 compared to weeks 1, 5 and 9. At the phylum level, week 7 was associated with a significant increase of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and a decrease of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria, when compared to weeks 5 and 9. In summary, we have shown that lactulose induces a reversible qualitative and quantitative change of the faecal microbiota, which may explain its clinical
efficacy in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.

Original language	English
Article number	13350
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	9
Early online date	16 Sept 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50090-7
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 16 Sept 2019

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10.1038/s41598-019-50090-7

Lactulose drives a reversible reduction ...
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2 Finished

ISP 1 2017/22 Blueprints for Healthy Animals
Watson, M.
BBSRC
1/04/17 → 31/03/22
Project: Research
ISP 3 2017/22 Improving Animal Health and Welfare
Meddle, S.
BBSRC
1/04/17 → 31/03/22
Project: Research

1 Abstract

Lactulose drives a reversible reduction and qualitative modulation of the faecal microbiota diversity in healthy dogs
Ferreira, M., Salavati, S., Schoenebeck, J., Clements, D., Campbell, S., Gaylor, D., Mellanby, R., Gow, A. & Salavati, M., 21 Sept 2019, (E-pub ahead of print) p. 375-376. 2 p.
Research output: Contribution to conference › Abstract › peer-review

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Silke Salavati
- Silke.Salavatied.acuk
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies - Personal Chair of Small Animal Gastroenterology
Person: Academic: Research Active

Cite this

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title = "Lactulose drives a reversible reduction and qualitative modulation of the faecal microbiota diversity in healthy dogs",

abstract = "Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent and debilitating complication of liver disorders. Lactulose is an established and reasonably effective treatment, yet with incompletely understood mechanisms of action. The aims of this study were to examine how the faecal microbiota composition changed before,during and after lactulose treatment in a large animal model. Healthy, privately owned dogs (n = 18) completed a prospective cohort study. Faecal samples were collected weekly, while the subjects were either on their usual diet (week 1), or a standardised diet (weeks 2–9), with added oral lactulose in weeks6–7. DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were undertaken. Faecal samples from week 7 had a significantly lower microbiota richness/diversity, based on observed operational taxonomic units, Shannon/Chao1 indexes and Pielou{\textquoteright}s Evenness. Beta diversity based on UniFrac distances was significantly different in week 7 compared to weeks 1, 5 and 9. At the phylum level, week 7 was associated with a significant increase of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and a decrease of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria, when compared to weeks 5 and 9. In summary, we have shown that lactulose induces a reversible qualitative and quantitative change of the faecal microbiota, which may explain its clinicalefficacy in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.",

author = "Marisa Ferreira and {Salavati Schmitz}, Silke and Jeffrey Schoenebeck and Dylan Clements and Susan Campbell and Donna Gaylor and Richard Mellanby and Adam Gow and Mazdak Salavati",

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AU - Ferreira, Marisa

AU - Salavati Schmitz, Silke

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AU - Clements, Dylan

AU - Campbell, Susan

AU - Gaylor, Donna

AU - Mellanby, Richard

AU - Gow, Adam

AU - Salavati, Mazdak

PY - 2019/9/16

Y1 - 2019/9/16

N2 - Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent and debilitating complication of liver disorders. Lactulose is an established and reasonably effective treatment, yet with incompletely understood mechanisms of action. The aims of this study were to examine how the faecal microbiota composition changed before,during and after lactulose treatment in a large animal model. Healthy, privately owned dogs (n = 18) completed a prospective cohort study. Faecal samples were collected weekly, while the subjects were either on their usual diet (week 1), or a standardised diet (weeks 2–9), with added oral lactulose in weeks6–7. DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were undertaken. Faecal samples from week 7 had a significantly lower microbiota richness/diversity, based on observed operational taxonomic units, Shannon/Chao1 indexes and Pielou’s Evenness. Beta diversity based on UniFrac distances was significantly different in week 7 compared to weeks 1, 5 and 9. At the phylum level, week 7 was associated with a significant increase of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and a decrease of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria, when compared to weeks 5 and 9. In summary, we have shown that lactulose induces a reversible qualitative and quantitative change of the faecal microbiota, which may explain its clinicalefficacy in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.

AB - Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent and debilitating complication of liver disorders. Lactulose is an established and reasonably effective treatment, yet with incompletely understood mechanisms of action. The aims of this study were to examine how the faecal microbiota composition changed before,during and after lactulose treatment in a large animal model. Healthy, privately owned dogs (n = 18) completed a prospective cohort study. Faecal samples were collected weekly, while the subjects were either on their usual diet (week 1), or a standardised diet (weeks 2–9), with added oral lactulose in weeks6–7. DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were undertaken. Faecal samples from week 7 had a significantly lower microbiota richness/diversity, based on observed operational taxonomic units, Shannon/Chao1 indexes and Pielou’s Evenness. Beta diversity based on UniFrac distances was significantly different in week 7 compared to weeks 1, 5 and 9. At the phylum level, week 7 was associated with a significant increase of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and a decrease of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria, when compared to weeks 5 and 9. In summary, we have shown that lactulose induces a reversible qualitative and quantitative change of the faecal microbiota, which may explain its clinicalefficacy in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-019-50090-7

DO - 10.1038/s41598-019-50090-7

M3 - Article

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 9

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

M1 - 13350

ER -

Lactulose drives a reversible reduction and qualitative modulation of the faecal microbiota diversity in healthy dogs

Abstract / Description of output

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Projects

ISP 1 2017/22 Blueprints for Healthy Animals

ISP 3 2017/22 Improving Animal Health and Welfare

Research output

Lactulose drives a reversible reduction and qualitative modulation of the faecal microbiota diversity in healthy dogs

Profiles

Silke Salavati

Cite this