Layout optimization of large-scale trusses and frames

Layout optimization is a powerful tool that can be used to identify structurally efficient forms for structures such as canopy roofs. With layout optimization a design domain is populated with nodes interconnected by potential members, forming a ‘ground structure’. Mathematical optimization techniques can then be used to identify the subset of members forming the optimal (e.g. minimum volume) structure. This contribution provides a brief overview of the layout optimization technique and presents initial findings from a current collaborative research programme designed to expand usage of the technique amongst architects and engineers. In particular, the adaptive ‘member adding’ solution technique originally developed for simple truss layout optimization problems is shown to also be applicable to problems involving global elastic stability constraints and bending elements. Examples are used to illustrate the range of design problems that can be tackled.