Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in gingival crevicular fluid: antibody dynamics and linkage to severity of COVID-19 in hospital inpatients

for ISARIC4C Investigators; J Kenneth Baillie

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.033

Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in gingival crevicular fluid: antibody dynamics and linkage to severity of COVID-19 in hospital inpatients

for ISARIC4C Investigators, J Kenneth Baillie

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract / Description of output

The use of non-venous analytes has been a priority public
health tool for the diagnosis, monitoring and surveillance of a
range of pathogens. These methods, primarily based on Dried
Blood Spots (DBS) and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF), were first
developed in the UK and have been applied to investigate outbreak
and transmission events,1,2 to improve the diagnosis of infections
in underserved populations3,4 in addition to monitoring infection
trends and informing on the impact of interventions.5,6 The ability to use non-venous analytes for antigen, antibody and nucleic acid detection and characterisation has applications to
answer questions linked to SARS-CoV-2 infections. The virus has been shown to transmit efficiently between individuals and within communities,7–10 with the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 attributed to transmissions from asymptomatic but infected individuals.10–14
The ease of sampling with non-venous analytes and the ability for self-collection allows for rapid and accessible individual and population-based diagnostics and monitoring of prevalence. The convenience and acceptability of sample collection permit population prevalence studies, for example in school children or in immunised self-isolating individual populations, providing an important mechanism for generating data for virus surveillance with a potential to inform policy. A key role of population antibody testing would be to characterise the relationship between the development and dynamics of antibody responses to infection, vaccination, and the impact of the measures on subsequent rates of transmission

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	152-160
Journal	Journal of Infection
Volume	85
Issue number	2
Early online date	3 Jun 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.033
Publication status	Published - 1 Aug 2022

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Antibodies, Viral
COVID-19
Gingival Crevicular Fluid
Hospitals
Humans
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin M
Inpatients
SARS-CoV-2

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.033

1-s2.0-S0163445322003395-main (1)Final published version, 1.32 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{425eff8cbd3241bda26ba1bdff722a69,

title = "Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in gingival crevicular fluid: antibody dynamics and linkage to severity of COVID-19 in hospital inpatients",

abstract = "The use of non-venous analytes has been a priority publichealth tool for the diagnosis, monitoring and surveillance of arange of pathogens. These methods, primarily based on DriedBlood Spots (DBS) and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF), were firstdeveloped in the UK and have been applied to investigate outbreakand transmission events,1,2 to improve the diagnosis of infectionsin underserved populations3,4 in addition to monitoring infectiontrends and informing on the impact of interventions.5,6 The ability to use non-venous analytes for antigen, antibody and nucleic acid detection and characterisation has applications toanswer questions linked to SARS-CoV-2 infections. The virus has been shown to transmit efficiently between individuals and within communities,7–10 with the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 attributed to transmissions from asymptomatic but infected individuals.10–14The ease of sampling with non-venous analytes and the ability for self-collection allows for rapid and accessible individual and population-based diagnostics and monitoring of prevalence. The convenience and acceptability of sample collection permit population prevalence studies, for example in school children or in immunised self-isolating individual populations, providing an important mechanism for generating data for virus surveillance with a potential to inform policy. A key role of population antibody testing would be to characterise the relationship between the development and dynamics of antibody responses to infection, vaccination, and the impact of the measures on subsequent rates of transmission",

keywords = "Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Hospitals, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Inpatients, SARS-CoV-2",

author = "{for ISARIC4C Investigators} and Samreen Ijaz and Steve Dicks and Keerthana Jegatheesan and Eleanor Parker and Ksenia Katsanovskaja and Elen Vink and McClure, {Myra O} and J Shute and Joshua Hope and Nicola Cook and Peter Cherepanov and Lance Turtle and Paxton, {William A} and Georgios Pollakis and Antonia Ho and Openshaw, {Peter J M} and Baillie, {J Kenneth} and Semple, {Malcolm G} and Tedder, {Richard S}",

note = "Funding Information: MGS reports grants from DHSC National Institute of Health Research UK, Medical Research Council UK, and Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging & Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, during the conduct of the study; other from Integrum Scientific LLC, Greensboro, NC, USA, outside the submitted work. MGS is a non-remunerated independent member of SAGE and NERVTAG. LT reports grants from Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging & Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool and Medical Research Council UK, during the conduct of the study and grants from the Wellcome Trust outside the submitted work. AH reports grants from Medical Research Council UK, during the conduct of the study and grants from the Wellcome Trust, Scottish Funding Council and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation outside the submitted work. RST reports grants from the UKRI for the development of non-invasive antibody testing during the conduct of the study. PC reports grants from the Medical Research Council UK, Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK during the conduct of the study. PC and RST have a patent on SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection assay; PC has a patent on modified SARS virus spike protein subunit. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest. Funding Information: This work is supported by grants from: the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) [award CO CIN-01], the Medical Research Council [grant MC_PC_19059] and by the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), in collaboration with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford [award 200907], NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with UKHSA [award 200927], NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London [IS-BRC-1215-20013], and NIHR Clinical Research Network for providing infrastructure support for this research. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, MRC or UKHSA. Funding Information: Work in PC's laboratory was supported by the Francis Crick Institute, which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001061), the Wellcome Trust (FC001061), and the UK Medical Research Council (FC001061). ",

year = "2022",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.033",

language = "English",

volume = "85",

pages = "152--160",

journal = "Journal of Infection",

issn = "0163-4453",

publisher = "W.B. Saunders Company",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in gingival crevicular fluid

T2 - antibody dynamics and linkage to severity of COVID-19 in hospital inpatients

AU - for ISARIC4C Investigators

AU - Ijaz, Samreen

AU - Dicks, Steve

AU - Jegatheesan, Keerthana

AU - Parker, Eleanor

AU - Katsanovskaja, Ksenia

AU - Vink, Elen

AU - McClure, Myra O

AU - Shute, J

AU - Hope, Joshua

AU - Cook, Nicola

AU - Cherepanov, Peter

AU - Turtle, Lance

AU - Paxton, William A

AU - Pollakis, Georgios

AU - Ho, Antonia

AU - Openshaw, Peter J M

AU - Baillie, J Kenneth

AU - Semple, Malcolm G

AU - Tedder, Richard S

N1 - Funding Information: MGS reports grants from DHSC National Institute of Health Research UK, Medical Research Council UK, and Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging & Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, during the conduct of the study; other from Integrum Scientific LLC, Greensboro, NC, USA, outside the submitted work. MGS is a non-remunerated independent member of SAGE and NERVTAG. LT reports grants from Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging & Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool and Medical Research Council UK, during the conduct of the study and grants from the Wellcome Trust outside the submitted work. AH reports grants from Medical Research Council UK, during the conduct of the study and grants from the Wellcome Trust, Scottish Funding Council and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation outside the submitted work. RST reports grants from the UKRI for the development of non-invasive antibody testing during the conduct of the study. PC reports grants from the Medical Research Council UK, Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK during the conduct of the study. PC and RST have a patent on SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection assay; PC has a patent on modified SARS virus spike protein subunit. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest. Funding Information: This work is supported by grants from: the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) [award CO CIN-01], the Medical Research Council [grant MC_PC_19059] and by the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), in collaboration with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford [award 200907], NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with UKHSA [award 200927], NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London [IS-BRC-1215-20013], and NIHR Clinical Research Network for providing infrastructure support for this research. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, MRC or UKHSA. Funding Information: Work in PC's laboratory was supported by the Francis Crick Institute, which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001061), the Wellcome Trust (FC001061), and the UK Medical Research Council (FC001061).

PY - 2022/8/1

Y1 - 2022/8/1

N2 - The use of non-venous analytes has been a priority publichealth tool for the diagnosis, monitoring and surveillance of arange of pathogens. These methods, primarily based on DriedBlood Spots (DBS) and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF), were firstdeveloped in the UK and have been applied to investigate outbreakand transmission events,1,2 to improve the diagnosis of infectionsin underserved populations3,4 in addition to monitoring infectiontrends and informing on the impact of interventions.5,6 The ability to use non-venous analytes for antigen, antibody and nucleic acid detection and characterisation has applications toanswer questions linked to SARS-CoV-2 infections. The virus has been shown to transmit efficiently between individuals and within communities,7–10 with the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 attributed to transmissions from asymptomatic but infected individuals.10–14The ease of sampling with non-venous analytes and the ability for self-collection allows for rapid and accessible individual and population-based diagnostics and monitoring of prevalence. The convenience and acceptability of sample collection permit population prevalence studies, for example in school children or in immunised self-isolating individual populations, providing an important mechanism for generating data for virus surveillance with a potential to inform policy. A key role of population antibody testing would be to characterise the relationship between the development and dynamics of antibody responses to infection, vaccination, and the impact of the measures on subsequent rates of transmission

AB - The use of non-venous analytes has been a priority publichealth tool for the diagnosis, monitoring and surveillance of arange of pathogens. These methods, primarily based on DriedBlood Spots (DBS) and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF), were firstdeveloped in the UK and have been applied to investigate outbreakand transmission events,1,2 to improve the diagnosis of infectionsin underserved populations3,4 in addition to monitoring infectiontrends and informing on the impact of interventions.5,6 The ability to use non-venous analytes for antigen, antibody and nucleic acid detection and characterisation has applications toanswer questions linked to SARS-CoV-2 infections. The virus has been shown to transmit efficiently between individuals and within communities,7–10 with the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 attributed to transmissions from asymptomatic but infected individuals.10–14The ease of sampling with non-venous analytes and the ability for self-collection allows for rapid and accessible individual and population-based diagnostics and monitoring of prevalence. The convenience and acceptability of sample collection permit population prevalence studies, for example in school children or in immunised self-isolating individual populations, providing an important mechanism for generating data for virus surveillance with a potential to inform policy. A key role of population antibody testing would be to characterise the relationship between the development and dynamics of antibody responses to infection, vaccination, and the impact of the measures on subsequent rates of transmission

KW - Antibodies, Viral

KW - COVID-19

KW - Gingival Crevicular Fluid

KW - Hospitals

KW - Humans

KW - Immunoglobulin G

KW - Immunoglobulin M

KW - Inpatients

KW - SARS-CoV-2

U2 - 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.033

DO - 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.033

M3 - Article

C2 - 35667482

SN - 0163-4453

VL - 85

SP - 152

EP - 160

JO - Journal of Infection

JF - Journal of Infection

IS - 2

ER -

Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in gingival crevicular fluid: antibody dynamics and linkage to severity of COVID-19 in hospital inpatients

Abstract / Description of output

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Access to Document

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Cite this