No effect of PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab on the incidence of diabetes in a pooled analysis from 10 ODYSSEY Phase 3 studies

Helen Colhoun, Henry N Ginsberg, Jennifer G Robinson, Lawrence A Leiter, Dirk Muller-Wieland, Robert R Henry, Bertrand Cariou, Marie T Baccara-Dinet, Robert Pordy, Laurence Merlet, Robert H. Eckel

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Aims
Statins have modest adverse effects on glycaemic control. Alirocumab, a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor, lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. This study assessed the effects of alirocumab on new-onset diabetes and pre-diabetes incidence in individuals without diabetes at baseline.
Methods and results
Pooled analysis of 10 ODYSSEY Phase 3 trials (n = 4974) of 24–104 weeks duration. Six trials (n = 4211) were ≥52 weeks in length. Most patients received background maximally tolerated statin. Alirocumab effect on the rate of diabetes-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and/or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) was measured at baseline and every 12–24 weeks. Transition to diabetes analysis combined TEAE and FPG/HbA1C laboratory data. At baseline, 30.7% of individuals had diabetes and were excluded from the current analysis. The remaining 3448 individuals without diabetes had pre-diabetes (39.6%) or were normoglycaemic (29.7%). The hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence interval) for diabetes-related TEAEs in alirocumab was 0.64 (0.36–1.14) vs. placebo and 0.55 (0.22–1.41) vs. ezetimibe. The HR associated for transition from pre-diabetes to new-onset diabetes for alirocumab was 0.90 (0.63–1.29) vs. placebo and 1.10 (0.57–2.12) vs. ezetimibe. Mean change in FPG/HbA1C over time showed no difference between treatment groups in patients without diabetes.
Conclusions
There was no evidence of an effect of alirocumab on transition to new-onset diabetes in 3448 individuals without diabetes at baseline with a follow-up period of 6–18 months, compared to either placebo or ezetimibe. Longer follow-up with larger number of individuals is needed to conclusively rule out an effect.
Original languageEnglish
JournalEuropean Heart Journal
Early online date26 Jul 2016
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 14 Oct 2016

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

  • Glycaemia
  • Diabetes
  • PCSK9 inhibitor
  • Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
  • HbA1C
  • Fasting plasma glucose

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