Observation of a Λ0 b − Λ0b production asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV

This article presents differential measurements of the asymmetry between Λ0
b and Λ0 b baryon production rates in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 and 8 TeV collected with the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1. The Λ0b baryons are reconstructed through the inclusive semileptonic decay Λ0b → Λ+c μ−νμX. The production asymmetry is measured both in intervals of rapidity in the range 2.15 < y < 4.10 and transverse momentum in 2 < pT < 27 GeV/c. The results are found to be incompatible with symmetric production with a significance of 5.8
standard deviations for both √s = 7 and 8 TeV data, assuming no CP violation in the decay. There is evidence for a trend as a function of rapidity with a significance of 4 standard deviations. Comparisons to predictions from hadronisation models in Pythia and heavy-quark recombination are provided. This result constitutes the first observation of a particle-antiparticle asymmetry in b-hadron production at LHC energies.