TY - JOUR
T1 - Ocular alkaline injury in four dogs - presentation, treatment, and follow-up - a case series
AU - Busse, Claudia
AU - Hartley, Claudia
AU - Kafarnik, Christiane
AU - Pivetta, Mauro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
PY - 2015/3/1
Y1 - 2015/3/1
N2 - Purpose: To describe presentation, treatment, and follow-up after unilateral alkaline injuries to the eye in four dogs. Material and method: The case notes of four patients that suffered from alkaline injuries to the eye were included in this series. Results: Acute clinical signs included blepharospasm and edema of the eyelids, chemosis and conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival ischemia, destruction of the corneal epithelium, a whitish haze of the corneal stroma, mild corneal edema, and uveitis. Two patients showed depigmentation of the eyelids. Presumed endothelial cell damage resulted in severe corneal edema in two dogs. Long-term complications included phthisis bulbi, scarring of the eyelids and damage to the meibomian glands, symblepharon formation, conjunctivalization of the cornea, corneal vascularization, pigmentation, and fibrosis. Persisting corneal edema was seen in the dogs with presumed endothelial cell damage. One dog developed a mild bullous keratopathy with superficial corneal ulcerations 41/2 years after the injury and had a reduced anterior chamber depth on ultrasound. Conclusion: The damage to the ocular structures described here mainly affects the ocular surface. One patient presumably suffered an injury to the ciliary body epithelium resulting in a phthisical globe. Chronic corneal edema, conjunctivalization, and scarring can result in permanent visual impairment. Healing of the ocular surface can take weeks and is associated with a dramatic vascular response. However, a severely vascularized cornea has the potential to clear and allow a good visual outcome long term. Ongoing discomfort was only seen in one case with persistent corneal edema and a secondary bullous keratopathy.
AB - Purpose: To describe presentation, treatment, and follow-up after unilateral alkaline injuries to the eye in four dogs. Material and method: The case notes of four patients that suffered from alkaline injuries to the eye were included in this series. Results: Acute clinical signs included blepharospasm and edema of the eyelids, chemosis and conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival ischemia, destruction of the corneal epithelium, a whitish haze of the corneal stroma, mild corneal edema, and uveitis. Two patients showed depigmentation of the eyelids. Presumed endothelial cell damage resulted in severe corneal edema in two dogs. Long-term complications included phthisis bulbi, scarring of the eyelids and damage to the meibomian glands, symblepharon formation, conjunctivalization of the cornea, corneal vascularization, pigmentation, and fibrosis. Persisting corneal edema was seen in the dogs with presumed endothelial cell damage. One dog developed a mild bullous keratopathy with superficial corneal ulcerations 41/2 years after the injury and had a reduced anterior chamber depth on ultrasound. Conclusion: The damage to the ocular structures described here mainly affects the ocular surface. One patient presumably suffered an injury to the ciliary body epithelium resulting in a phthisical globe. Chronic corneal edema, conjunctivalization, and scarring can result in permanent visual impairment. Healing of the ocular surface can take weeks and is associated with a dramatic vascular response. However, a severely vascularized cornea has the potential to clear and allow a good visual outcome long term. Ongoing discomfort was only seen in one case with persistent corneal edema and a secondary bullous keratopathy.
KW - Alkaline injury
KW - Canine cornea
KW - Chemical burn
KW - Endothelial cell damage
KW - Ocular surface
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84924056291&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/vop.12171
DO - 10.1111/vop.12171
M3 - Article
C2 - 24836701
AN - SCOPUS:84924056291
SN - 1463-5216
VL - 18
SP - 127
EP - 134
JO - Veterinary Ophthalmology
JF - Veterinary Ophthalmology
IS - 2
ER -