TY - JOUR
T1 - Phylogenomics and evolutionary history of Oreocnide (Urticaceae) shed light on recent geological and climatic events in SE Asia
AU - Wu, Zeng-Yuan
AU - Milne, Richard I.
AU - Liu, Jie
AU - Slik, J. W. Ferry
AU - Yan, Yu
AU - Luo, Ya-Huang
AU - Monro, Alexandre
AU - Wang, Wan Ting
AU - Hong, Wang
AU - Kessler, Paul
AU - Cadotte, Marc W
AU - Nathan, Ran
AU - Li, De-Zhu
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Profs. Wen-Tsai Wang and Chia-Jui Chen for their great help in the identification of the specimens, Dr. Jian-Jun Jin, Dr. Hong-Tao Li, Dr. Xiang-Qin Yu, Dr. Chao-Nan Fu, Dr. Nir Horvitz, Mr. Guang-Fu Zhu and Miss Zhi-Qiong Mo for kind help for software. The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew is thanked for providing some DNA material. This work was facilitated by the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970356, 42171071, 41971071); Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (2019385), Yunnan Young and Elite Talents Project (YNWR-QNBJ-2020-293), CAS Strategic Priority Research Program (XDB31000000), CAS “Light of West China” Program, the Biological Resources Programme, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFJ-BRP-017-34), and the open research project of “Cross-Cooperative Team” of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y9283451Q1). Ran Nathan thanks Adelina and Massimo Della Pergola Chair of Life Sciences and Minerva Center for Movement Ecology for the supports. Ran Nathan and Richard I. Milne also thank the CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative for its financial support (2022DB0001, 2022VBA0004).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2022/10/1
Y1 - 2022/10/1
N2 - Climate change and geological events have long been known to shape biodiversity, implying that these can likewise be viewed from a biological perspective. To study whether plants can shed light on this, and how they responded to climate change there, we examined Oreocnide, a genus widely distributed in SE Asia. Based on broad geographic sampling with genomic data, we employed an integrative approach of phylogenomics, molecular dating, historical biogeography, and ecological analyses. We found that Oreocnide originated in mainland East Asia and began to diversify ~6.06 Ma, probably in response to a distinct geographic and climatic transition in East Asia at around that time, implying that the last important geological change in mainland SE Asia might be 1 Ma older than previously suggested. Around four immigration events to the islands of Malesia followed, indicating that immigration from the mainland could be an underestimated factor in the assembly of biotic communities in the region. Two detected increases of diversification rate occurred 3.13 and 1.19 Ma, which strongly implicated climatic rather than geological changes as likely drivers of diversification, with candidates being the Pliocene intensification of the East Asian monsoons, and Pleistocene climate and sea level fluctuations. Distribution modelling indicated that Pleistocene sea level and climate fluctuations were inferred to enable inter-island dispersal followed by allopatric separation, underpinning radiation in the genus. Overall, our study, based on multiple lines of evidence, linked plant diversification to the most recent climatic and geological events in SE Asia. We highlight the importance of immigration in the assembly and diversification of the SE Asian flora, and underscore the utility of plant clades, as independent lines of evidence, for reconstructing recent climatic and geological events in the SE Asian region.
AB - Climate change and geological events have long been known to shape biodiversity, implying that these can likewise be viewed from a biological perspective. To study whether plants can shed light on this, and how they responded to climate change there, we examined Oreocnide, a genus widely distributed in SE Asia. Based on broad geographic sampling with genomic data, we employed an integrative approach of phylogenomics, molecular dating, historical biogeography, and ecological analyses. We found that Oreocnide originated in mainland East Asia and began to diversify ~6.06 Ma, probably in response to a distinct geographic and climatic transition in East Asia at around that time, implying that the last important geological change in mainland SE Asia might be 1 Ma older than previously suggested. Around four immigration events to the islands of Malesia followed, indicating that immigration from the mainland could be an underestimated factor in the assembly of biotic communities in the region. Two detected increases of diversification rate occurred 3.13 and 1.19 Ma, which strongly implicated climatic rather than geological changes as likely drivers of diversification, with candidates being the Pliocene intensification of the East Asian monsoons, and Pleistocene climate and sea level fluctuations. Distribution modelling indicated that Pleistocene sea level and climate fluctuations were inferred to enable inter-island dispersal followed by allopatric separation, underpinning radiation in the genus. Overall, our study, based on multiple lines of evidence, linked plant diversification to the most recent climatic and geological events in SE Asia. We highlight the importance of immigration in the assembly and diversification of the SE Asian flora, and underscore the utility of plant clades, as independent lines of evidence, for reconstructing recent climatic and geological events in the SE Asian region.
KW - biogeography
KW - evolutionary history
KW - oreocnide
KW - phylogeny
KW - SE Asia
KW - urticaceae
U2 - 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107555
DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107555
M3 - Article
VL - 175
JO - Molecular phylogenetics and evolution
JF - Molecular phylogenetics and evolution
SN - 1055-7903
M1 - 107555
ER -