Polarization-state independence of backscattering efficiency of an isotropic chiral sphere

Theoretical analysis revealed that the backscattering efficiency of an isotropic chiral sphere is independent of the polarization state of the incident plane wave, whereas the extinction, total scattering, absorption, and forward-scattering efficiencies are generally not. Furthermore, the handedness of the backscattered field in the far zone is the reverse of that of the incident plane wave. Finally, there can be non-zero values of the chirality parameter such that either the extinction, total scattering, absorption, or forward-scattering efficiency is also independent of the polarization state of the incident plane wave.