Policing the pandemic in England and Wales: Police use of Fixed Penalty Notices from 27 March 2020 to 31 May 2021

Susan McVie*, Kath Murray, Victoria Gorton, Ben Matthews

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Book/ReportCommissioned report

Abstract

This report examines data on Fixed Penalty Notices (FPNs) issued in England and Wales under the Coronavirus Regulations between 27 March 2020 and 31 May 2021 in relation to illegal travel and movement, social gatherings, and failure to follow instructions. It focuses on who received fines, where and why they were issued, and how patterns of usage varied over time as the restrictions changed. It also examines how policing changed over time, looking at three distinct time-periods defined by patterns of enforcement during the pandemic and related policy and legislative change. Overall, the analysis in this report provides valuable insights into the profile and patterning of police enforcement during one of the most tumultuous periods in recent history. The report was commissioned by the National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC) as part of its commitment to openness
Original languageEnglish
Place of PublicationEdinburgh
PublisherUniversity of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.
Commissioning bodyNational Police Chiefs' Council
Number of pages104
ISBN (Electronic)9781912669554
Publication statusPublished - 9 Mar 2023

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

  • Police
  • covid-19 lockdown
  • England and Wales
  • fixed penalty notices

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