Porosity regrowth during heat treatment of hot isostatically pressed additively manufactured titanium components

S. Tammas-Williams; Philip J. Withers; I. Todd; P. B. Prangnell

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.002

Porosity regrowth during heat treatment of hot isostatically pressed additively manufactured titanium components

S. Tammas-Williams^*, Philip J. Withers, I. Todd, P. B. Prangnell

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract / Description of output

X-ray computed tomography has been used to track the behaviour of individual pores found in selective electron beam melted additive manufactured titanium. Porosity was found to shrink below the detection limit of X-ray microtomography (< 5 μm) upon hot isostatic pressing. Spherical argon containing gas pores, which have a high internal gas pressure following hot isostatic pressing, have been found to progressively reappear and grow in proportion to their original as-built size during high temperature (β-anneal) treatments, whereas larger irregular low pressure pores did not reappear. The implications of these observations in terms of additive manufacturing are discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	72-76
Number of pages	5
Journal	Scripta Materialia
Volume	122
Early online date	24 May 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.002
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2016

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

Additive manufacture
Heat treatment
Hot isostatic pressing (HIPing)
Pores
Selective electron beam melting (SEBM)

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10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.002

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@article{153e92fe3e694febafe4e4d96d1f75fa,

title = "Porosity regrowth during heat treatment of hot isostatically pressed additively manufactured titanium components",

abstract = "X-ray computed tomography has been used to track the behaviour of individual pores found in selective electron beam melted additive manufactured titanium. Porosity was found to shrink below the detection limit of X-ray microtomography (< 5 μm) upon hot isostatic pressing. Spherical argon containing gas pores, which have a high internal gas pressure following hot isostatic pressing, have been found to progressively reappear and grow in proportion to their original as-built size during high temperature (β-anneal) treatments, whereas larger irregular low pressure pores did not reappear. The implications of these observations in terms of additive manufacturing are discussed.",

keywords = "Additive manufacture, Heat treatment, Hot isostatic pressing (HIPing), Pores, Selective electron beam melting (SEBM)",

author = "S. Tammas-Williams and Withers, {Philip J.} and I. Todd and Prangnell, {P. B.}",

note = "Funding Information: Thanks to Julia Behnsen and Fergus McCool for providing assistance with setting up the CT and furnace equipment respectively. The authors acknowledge EPSRC funding from the designing alloys for resource efficiency (DARE) program ( EP/L025213/1 ), the Centre for Doctoral Training in Advanced Metallic Systems ( EP/L016273/1 ), and the Henry Moseley X-ray Imaging Facility ( EP/F007906/1 , EP/F001452/1 and EP/M010619/1 ). For access to the original data used please contact the corresponding author. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2016",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.002",

language = "English",

volume = "122",

pages = "72--76",

journal = "Scripta Materialia",

issn = "1359-6462",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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TY - JOUR

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AU - Tammas-Williams, S.

AU - Withers, Philip J.

AU - Todd, I.

AU - Prangnell, P. B.

N1 - Funding Information: Thanks to Julia Behnsen and Fergus McCool for providing assistance with setting up the CT and furnace equipment respectively. The authors acknowledge EPSRC funding from the designing alloys for resource efficiency (DARE) program ( EP/L025213/1 ), the Centre for Doctoral Training in Advanced Metallic Systems ( EP/L016273/1 ), and the Henry Moseley X-ray Imaging Facility ( EP/F007906/1 , EP/F001452/1 and EP/M010619/1 ). For access to the original data used please contact the corresponding author. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2016/9/1

Y1 - 2016/9/1

N2 - X-ray computed tomography has been used to track the behaviour of individual pores found in selective electron beam melted additive manufactured titanium. Porosity was found to shrink below the detection limit of X-ray microtomography (< 5 μm) upon hot isostatic pressing. Spherical argon containing gas pores, which have a high internal gas pressure following hot isostatic pressing, have been found to progressively reappear and grow in proportion to their original as-built size during high temperature (β-anneal) treatments, whereas larger irregular low pressure pores did not reappear. The implications of these observations in terms of additive manufacturing are discussed.

AB - X-ray computed tomography has been used to track the behaviour of individual pores found in selective electron beam melted additive manufactured titanium. Porosity was found to shrink below the detection limit of X-ray microtomography (< 5 μm) upon hot isostatic pressing. Spherical argon containing gas pores, which have a high internal gas pressure following hot isostatic pressing, have been found to progressively reappear and grow in proportion to their original as-built size during high temperature (β-anneal) treatments, whereas larger irregular low pressure pores did not reappear. The implications of these observations in terms of additive manufacturing are discussed.

KW - Additive manufacture

KW - Heat treatment

KW - Hot isostatic pressing (HIPing)

KW - Pores

KW - Selective electron beam melting (SEBM)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84971222627&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.002

DO - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.002

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84971222627

SN - 1359-6462

VL - 122

SP - 72

EP - 76

JO - Scripta Materialia

JF - Scripta Materialia

ER -

Porosity regrowth during heat treatment of hot isostatically pressed additively manufactured titanium components

Abstract / Description of output

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

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