TY - JOUR
T1 - Recurrent neo-sex chromosome evolution in kiwifruit
AU - Akagi, Takashi
AU - Varkonyi-Gasic, Erika
AU - Shirasawa, Kenta
AU - Catanach, Andrew
AU - Henry, Isabelle M
AU - Mertten, Daniel
AU - Datson, Paul
AU - Masuda, Kanae
AU - Fujita, Naoko
AU - Kuwada, Eriko
AU - Ushijima, Koichiro
AU - Beppu, Kenji
AU - Allan, Andrew C
AU - Charlesworth, Deborah
AU - Kataoka, Ikuo
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank L. Comai (Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, USA) for discussion and comments on this study and K. Miyata (Board of Education of Miyoshi city, Tokushima, Japan) for sampling of native Actinidia germplasm collections. This work was supported by PRESTO from Japan Science and Technology Agency (grant no. JPMJPR20Q1) and Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) from JSPS (grant nos 22H05172 and 22H05173) to T.A.
Funding Information:
We thank L. Comai (Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, USA) for discussion and comments on this study and K. Miyata (Board of Education of Miyoshi city, Tokushima, Japan) for sampling of native Actinidia germplasm collections. This work was supported by PRESTO from Japan Science and Technology Agency (grant no. JPMJPR20Q1) and Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) from JSPS (grant nos 22H05172 and 22H05173) to T.A.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2023/3/6
Y1 - 2023/3/6
N2 - Sex chromosome evolution is thought to be tightly associated with the acquisition and maintenance of sexual dimorphisms. Plant sex chromosomes have evolved independently in many lineages, and can provide a powerful comparative framework to study this. We assembled and annotated genome sequences of three kiwifruit species (genus Actinidia) and uncovered recurrent sex chromosome turnovers in multiple lineages. Specifically, we observed structural evolution of the neo-Y chromosomes, which was driven via rapid bursts of transposable element insertions. Surprisingly, sexual dimorphisms were conserved in the different species studied, despite the fact that the partially sex-linked genes differ between them. Using gene-editing in kiwifruit, we demonstrated that one of the two Y chromosome-encoded sex determining genes, Shy Girl, shows pleiotropic effects that can explain the conserved sexual dimorphisms. These plant sex chromosomes therefore maintain sexual dimorphisms through the conservation of a single gene, without a process involving interactions between separate sex-determining genes and genes for sexually dimorphic traits.
AB - Sex chromosome evolution is thought to be tightly associated with the acquisition and maintenance of sexual dimorphisms. Plant sex chromosomes have evolved independently in many lineages, and can provide a powerful comparative framework to study this. We assembled and annotated genome sequences of three kiwifruit species (genus Actinidia) and uncovered recurrent sex chromosome turnovers in multiple lineages. Specifically, we observed structural evolution of the neo-Y chromosomes, which was driven via rapid bursts of transposable element insertions. Surprisingly, sexual dimorphisms were conserved in the different species studied, despite the fact that the partially sex-linked genes differ between them. Using gene-editing in kiwifruit, we demonstrated that one of the two Y chromosome-encoded sex determining genes, Shy Girl, shows pleiotropic effects that can explain the conserved sexual dimorphisms. These plant sex chromosomes therefore maintain sexual dimorphisms through the conservation of a single gene, without a process involving interactions between separate sex-determining genes and genes for sexually dimorphic traits.
U2 - 10.1038/s41477-023-01361-9
DO - 10.1038/s41477-023-01361-9
M3 - Article
SN - 2055-026X
SP - 393
EP - 402
JO - Nature Plants
JF - Nature Plants
M1 - 9
ER -