Refinement of atomic models in high resolution EM reconstructions using Flex-EM and local assessment

Agnel Praveen Joseph, Sony Malhotra, Tom Burnley, Chris Wood, Daniel K. Clare, Martyn Winn, Maya Topf

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

As the resolutions of Three Dimensional Electron Microscopic reconstructions of biological macromolecules are being improved, there is a need for better fitting and refinement methods at high resolutions and robust approaches for model assessment. Flex-EM/MODELLER has been used for flexible fitting of atomic models in intermediate-to-low resolution density maps of different biological systems. Here, we demonstrate the suitability of the method to successfully refine structures at higher resolutions (2.5–4.5 Å) using both simulated and experimental data, including a newly processed map of Apo-GroEL. A hierarchical refinement protocol was adopted where the rigid body definitions are relaxed and atom displacement steps are reduced progressively at successive stages of refinement. For the assessment of local fit, we used the SMOC (segment-based Manders’ overlap coefficient) score, while the model quality was checked using the Qmean score. Comparison of SMOC profiles at different stages of refinement helped in detecting regions that are poorly fitted. We also show how initial model errors can have significant impact on the goodness-of-fit. Finally, we discuss the implementation of Flex-EM in the CCP-EM software suite.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)42-49
Number of pages8
JournalMethods
Volume100
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 23 Apr 2016

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

  • flexible fitting
  • density fitting
  • protein structure modelling
  • 3D-EM
  • structure refinement
  • model validation

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