Revived Manx

This chapter provides a brief outline of the history of the Manx language revival movement from the founding of the Manx Language Society in 1899 through to the broadening of public and institutional support for the language in the 1980s and more recent developments, notably the establishment of Manx-medium immersion education in 2001. The significance of certain widespread ideological stances within the community is explored, including their impact on linguistic choices. This includes stances on purism and authenticity, on the relationship of Manx to other Gaelic varieties and to English, on orthography, and on the nature of language revival. Finally, salient linguistic features of contemporary Manx are discussed, including the role of English as a substrate language in the speech and writing of contemporary users of Manx. In terms of research on Revived Manx, the chapter indicates the state of the art and the potential for future exploration.