@article{f7d08529b7094a45aa9ce8a30af55c95,
title = "SARS-CoV-2 antibodies protect against reinfection for at least 6 months in a multicentre seroepidemiological workplace cohort",
abstract = "Identifying the potential for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome : Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection is crucial for understanding possible long-term epidemic dynamics. We analysed longitudinal PCR and serological testing data from a prospective cohort of 4,411 United States employees in 4 states between April 2020 and February 2021. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression investigating the association between baseline serological status and subsequent PCR test result in order to calculate an odds ratio for reinfection. We estimated an odds ratio for reinfection ranging from 0.14 (95% CI: 0.019 to 0.63) to 0.28 (95% CI: 0.05 to 1.1), implying that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at baseline is associated with around 72% to 86% reduced odds of a subsequent PCR positive test based on our point estimates. This suggests that primary infection with SARS-CoV-2 provides protection against reinfection in the majority of individuals, at least over a 6-month time period. We also highlight 2 major sources of bias and uncertainty to be considered when estimating the relative risk of reinfection, confounders, and the choice of baseline time point and show how to account for both in reinfection analysis.",
author = "{the CMMID COVID-19 working group} and {the SpaceX COVID-19 Cohort Collaborative} and Emilie Finch and Rachel Lowe and Stephanie Fischinger and {de St Aubin}, Michael and Siddiqui, {Sameed M.} and Diana Dayal and Loesche, {Michael A.} and Justin Rhee and Samuel Beger and Yiyuan Hu and Gluck, {Matthew J.} and Benjamin Mormann and Hasdianda, {Mohammad A.} and Musk, {Elon R.} and Galit Alter and Menon, {Anil S.} and Nilles, {Eric J.} and Kucharski, {Adam J.} and Jiayao Lei and Sebastian Funk and Sun, {Fiona Yueqian} and Amy Gimma and Nightingale, {Emily S.} and Graham Medley and Sam Abbott and Fabienne Krauer and Davies, {Nicholas G.} and Mark Jit and Akira Endo and Oliver Brady and Foss, {Anna M.} and Chan, {Yung Wai Desmond} and Thibaut Jombart and {van Zandvoort}, Kevin and Eggo, {Rosalind M.} and Yang Liu and Knight, {Gwenan M.} and Pearson, {Carl A.B.} and Kaja Abbas and Atkins, {Katherine E.} and Samuel Clifford and Mihaly Koltai and Yalda Jafari and Tully, {Damien C.} and Jarvis, {Christopher I.} and Kathleen O'Reilly and Bosse, {Nikos I.} and Kiesha Prem and Quilty, {Billy J.} and Procter, {Simon R.} and Barnard, {Rosanna C.} and William Waites and Ciara McCarthy and Munday, {James D.} and David Hodgson and Edmunds, {W. John} and Alicia Rosello and Villabona-Arenas, {C. Julian} and Gibbs, {Hamish P.} and Stefan Flasche and Russell, {Timothy W.} and Meakin, {Sophie R.} and Joel Hellewell and Waterlow, {Naomi R.} and Matthew Quaife and Sandmann, {Frank G.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors received funding from the following sources: EF was funded by the Medical Research Council (MR/N013638/1); AJK was supported by Wellcome Trust (206250/Z/17/Z) and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR200908); RL was funded by a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship (https://royalsociety. org). EN was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01 U01GH002238). AM was supported by the Translational Research Institute for Space Health through NASA Cooperative Agreement (https://www.nasa.gov/hrp/tri; NNX16AO69A). GA was supported by the Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness (https://masscpr.hms. harvard.edu/; MassCPR), the National Institutes of Health (3R37AI080289-11S1, R01AI146785, U19AI42790-01, U19AI135995-02, 1U01CA260476-01) and the Musk Foundation (http://www.muskfoundation.org/). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Finch et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
year = "2022",
month = feb,
day = "10",
doi = "10.1371/journal.pbio.3001531",
language = "English",
volume = "20",
journal = "PLoS Biology",
issn = "1545-7885",
publisher = "Public Library of Science",
number = "2",
}