SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star

Thayne Currie; Timothy D. Brandt; Masayuki Kuzuhara; Jeffery Chilcote; Olivier Guyon; Christian Marois; Tyler Groff; Julien Lozi; Sebastien Vievard; Ananya Sahoo; Vincent Deo; Nemanja Jovanovic; Frantz Martinache; Kevin Wagner; Trent J. Dupuy; Matthew Wahl; Michael Letawsky; Yiting Li; Yunlin Zeng; G. Mirek Brandt; Daniel Michalik; Carol Grady; Markus Janson; Gillian R. Knapp; Jungmi Kwon; Kellen  Lawson; Michael W McElwain; Taichi Uyama; John  Wisniewski; Motohide Tamura

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abc631

SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star

Thayne Currie, Timothy D. Brandt, Masayuki Kuzuhara, Jeffery Chilcote, Olivier Guyon, Christian Marois, Tyler Groff, Julien Lozi, Sebastien Vievard, Ananya Sahoo, Vincent Deo, Nemanja Jovanovic, Frantz Martinache, Kevin Wagner, Trent J. Dupuy, Matthew Wahl, Michael Letawsky, Yiting Li, Yunlin Zeng, G. Mirek BrandtDaniel Michalik, Carol Grady, Markus Janson, Gillian R. Knapp, Jungmi Kwon, Kellen Lawson, Michael W McElwain, Taichi Uyama, John Wisniewski, Motohide Tamura

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present the direct imaging discovery of a substellar companion to the nearby Sun-like star, HD 33632 Aa, at a projected separation of ~20 au, obtained with SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy complemented by Keck/NIRC2 thermal infrared imaging. The companion, HD 33632 Ab, induces a 10.5σ astrometric acceleration on the star as detected with the Gaia and Hipparcos satellites. SCExAO/CHARIS JHK (1.1–2.4 μm) spectra and Keck/NIRC2 Lp (3.78 μm) photometry are best matched by a field L/T transition object: an older, higher-gravity, and less dusty counterpart to HR 8799 cde. Combining our astrometry with Gaia/Hipparcos data and archival Lick Observatory radial velocities, we measure a dynamical mass of 46.4 ± 8 MJ and an eccentricity of e < 0.46 at 95% confidence. HD 33632 Ab's mass and mass ratio (4.0% ± 0.7%) are comparable to the low-mass brown dwarf GJ 758 B and intermediate between the more massive brown dwarf HD 19467 B and the (near-)planet-mass companions to HR 2562 and GJ 504. Using Gaia to select for direct imaging observations with the newest extreme adaptive optics systems can reveal substellar or even planet-mass companions on solar system–like scales at an increased frequency compared to blind surveys.

Original language	English
Article number	L25
Pages (from-to)	1-8
Number of pages	8
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	904
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abc631
Publication status	Published - 30 Nov 2020

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

astro-ph.SR
astro-ph.EP
astro-ph.IM

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10.3847/2041-8213/abc631

2011.08855v1Accepted author manuscript, 1.97 MB

https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.08855

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Currie, T., Brandt, T. D., Kuzuhara, M., Chilcote, J., Guyon, O., Marois, C., Groff, T., Lozi, J., Vievard, S., Sahoo, A., Deo, V., Jovanovic, N., Martinache, F., Wagner, K., Dupuy, T. J., Wahl, M., Letawsky, M., Li, Y., Zeng, Y., ... Tamura, M. (2020). SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 904(2), 1-8. Article L25. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abc631

@article{8e9ac86cd1d94902bf3a9b731e9fcfd3,

title = "SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star",

abstract = " We present the direct imaging discovery of a substellar companion to the nearby Sun-like star, HD 33632 Aa, at a projected separation of ~20 au, obtained with SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy complemented by Keck/NIRC2 thermal infrared imaging. The companion, HD 33632 Ab, induces a 10.5σ astrometric acceleration on the star as detected with the Gaia and Hipparcos satellites. SCExAO/CHARIS JHK (1.1–2.4 μm) spectra and Keck/NIRC2 Lp (3.78 μm) photometry are best matched by a field L/T transition object: an older, higher-gravity, and less dusty counterpart to HR 8799 cde. Combining our astrometry with Gaia/Hipparcos data and archival Lick Observatory radial velocities, we measure a dynamical mass of 46.4 ± 8 MJ and an eccentricity of e < 0.46 at 95% confidence. HD 33632 Ab's mass and mass ratio (4.0% ± 0.7%) are comparable to the low-mass brown dwarf GJ 758 B and intermediate between the more massive brown dwarf HD 19467 B and the (near-)planet-mass companions to HR 2562 and GJ 504. Using Gaia to select for direct imaging observations with the newest extreme adaptive optics systems can reveal substellar or even planet-mass companions on solar system–like scales at an increased frequency compared to blind surveys.",

keywords = "astro-ph.SR, astro-ph.EP, astro-ph.IM",

author = "Thayne Currie and Brandt, {Timothy D.} and Masayuki Kuzuhara and Jeffery Chilcote and Olivier Guyon and Christian Marois and Tyler Groff and Julien Lozi and Sebastien Vievard and Ananya Sahoo and Vincent Deo and Nemanja Jovanovic and Frantz Martinache and Kevin Wagner and Dupuy, {Trent J.} and Matthew Wahl and Michael Letawsky and Yiting Li and Yunlin Zeng and Brandt, {G. Mirek} and Daniel Michalik and Carol Grady and Markus Janson and Knapp, {Gillian R.} and Jungmi Kwon and Kellen Lawson and McElwain, {Michael W} and Taichi Uyama and John Wisniewski and Motohide Tamura",

note = "11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; ApJ Letters in press. First discovery from SCExAO/CHARIS; first substellar companion discovered through direct imaging using Gaia for target selection",

year = "2020",

month = nov,

day = "30",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/abc631",

language = "English",

volume = "904",

pages = "1--8",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "2",

}

Currie, T, Brandt, TD, Kuzuhara, M, Chilcote, J, Guyon, O, Marois, C, Groff, T, Lozi, J, Vievard, S, Sahoo, A, Deo, V, Jovanovic, N, Martinache, F, Wagner, K, Dupuy, TJ, Wahl, M, Letawsky, M, Li, Y, Zeng, Y, Brandt, GM, Michalik, D, Grady, C, Janson, M, Knapp, GR, Kwon, J, Lawson, K, McElwain, MW, Uyama, T, Wisniewski, J & Tamura, M 2020, 'SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 904, no. 2, L25, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abc631

TY - JOUR

T1 - SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star

AU - Currie, Thayne

AU - Brandt, Timothy D.

AU - Kuzuhara, Masayuki

AU - Chilcote, Jeffery

AU - Guyon, Olivier

AU - Marois, Christian

AU - Groff, Tyler

AU - Lozi, Julien

AU - Vievard, Sebastien

AU - Sahoo, Ananya

AU - Deo, Vincent

AU - Jovanovic, Nemanja

AU - Martinache, Frantz

AU - Wagner, Kevin

AU - Dupuy, Trent J.

AU - Wahl, Matthew

AU - Letawsky, Michael

AU - Li, Yiting

AU - Zeng, Yunlin

AU - Brandt, G. Mirek

AU - Michalik, Daniel

AU - Grady, Carol

AU - Janson, Markus

AU - Knapp, Gillian R.

AU - Kwon, Jungmi

AU - Lawson, Kellen

AU - McElwain, Michael W

AU - Uyama, Taichi

AU - Wisniewski, John

AU - Tamura, Motohide

N1 - 11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; ApJ Letters in press. First discovery from SCExAO/CHARIS; first substellar companion discovered through direct imaging using Gaia for target selection

PY - 2020/11/30

Y1 - 2020/11/30

N2 - We present the direct imaging discovery of a substellar companion to the nearby Sun-like star, HD 33632 Aa, at a projected separation of ~20 au, obtained with SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy complemented by Keck/NIRC2 thermal infrared imaging. The companion, HD 33632 Ab, induces a 10.5σ astrometric acceleration on the star as detected with the Gaia and Hipparcos satellites. SCExAO/CHARIS JHK (1.1–2.4 μm) spectra and Keck/NIRC2 Lp (3.78 μm) photometry are best matched by a field L/T transition object: an older, higher-gravity, and less dusty counterpart to HR 8799 cde. Combining our astrometry with Gaia/Hipparcos data and archival Lick Observatory radial velocities, we measure a dynamical mass of 46.4 ± 8 MJ and an eccentricity of e < 0.46 at 95% confidence. HD 33632 Ab's mass and mass ratio (4.0% ± 0.7%) are comparable to the low-mass brown dwarf GJ 758 B and intermediate between the more massive brown dwarf HD 19467 B and the (near-)planet-mass companions to HR 2562 and GJ 504. Using Gaia to select for direct imaging observations with the newest extreme adaptive optics systems can reveal substellar or even planet-mass companions on solar system–like scales at an increased frequency compared to blind surveys.

AB - We present the direct imaging discovery of a substellar companion to the nearby Sun-like star, HD 33632 Aa, at a projected separation of ~20 au, obtained with SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy complemented by Keck/NIRC2 thermal infrared imaging. The companion, HD 33632 Ab, induces a 10.5σ astrometric acceleration on the star as detected with the Gaia and Hipparcos satellites. SCExAO/CHARIS JHK (1.1–2.4 μm) spectra and Keck/NIRC2 Lp (3.78 μm) photometry are best matched by a field L/T transition object: an older, higher-gravity, and less dusty counterpart to HR 8799 cde. Combining our astrometry with Gaia/Hipparcos data and archival Lick Observatory radial velocities, we measure a dynamical mass of 46.4 ± 8 MJ and an eccentricity of e < 0.46 at 95% confidence. HD 33632 Ab's mass and mass ratio (4.0% ± 0.7%) are comparable to the low-mass brown dwarf GJ 758 B and intermediate between the more massive brown dwarf HD 19467 B and the (near-)planet-mass companions to HR 2562 and GJ 504. Using Gaia to select for direct imaging observations with the newest extreme adaptive optics systems can reveal substellar or even planet-mass companions on solar system–like scales at an increased frequency compared to blind surveys.

KW - astro-ph.SR

KW - astro-ph.EP

KW - astro-ph.IM

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/abc631

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/abc631

M3 - Article

SN - 2041-8205

VL - 904

SP - 1

EP - 8

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 2

M1 - L25

ER -

SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-Mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star

Abstract

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