@article{d25eb82befa04ef78c45ea9066c3161e,
title = "Small and Large Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Visible Perivascular Spaces in the Basal Ganglia of Parkinson's Disease Patients",
abstract = "Background: Although previously thought to be asymptomatic, recent studies have suggested that magnetic resonance imaging–visible perivascular spaces (PVS) in the basal ganglia (BG-PVS) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) may be markers of motor disability and cognitive decline. In addition, a pathogenic and risk profile difference between small (≤3-mm diameter) and large (>3-mm diameter) PVS has been suggested. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine associations between quantitative measures of large and small BG-PVS, global cognition, and motor/nonmotor features in a multicenter cohort of patients with PD. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study examining the association between large and small BG-PVS with Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Parts I–IV and cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) in 133 patients with PD enrolled in the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative study. Results: Patients with PD with small BG-PVS demonstrated an association with MDS-UPDRS Parts I (P = 0.008) and II (both P = 0.02), whereas patients with large BG-PVS demonstrated an association with MDS-UPDRS Parts III (P < 0.0001) and IV (P < 0.001). BG-PVS were not correlated with cognition. Conclusions: Small BG-PVS are associated with motor and nonmotor aspects of experiences in daily living, while large BG-PVS are associated with the motor symptoms and motor complications.",
keywords = "Parkinson's disease, perivascular Virchow-Robin spaces, basal ganglia, white matter hyperintensities, ONDRI",
author = "Joel Ramirez and Berberian, {Stephanie A.} and Breen, {David P.} and Fuqiang Gao and Miracle Ozzoude and Sabrina Adamo and Scott, {Christopher J. M.} and Courtney Berezuk and Vanessa Yhap and Mestre, {Tiago A.} and Connie Marras and Tartaglia, {Maria C.} and David Grimes and Mandar Jog and Donna Kwan and Brian Tan and Binns, {Malcolm A.} and Arnott, {Stephen R.} and Robert Bartha and Sean Symons and Mario Masellis and Black, {Sandra E.} and Lang, {Anthony E.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was conducted with the support of the Ontario Brain Institute, an independent non‐profit corporation, funded partially by the Ontario government. The opinions, results, and conclusions are those of the authors and no endorsement by the Ontario Brain Institute is intended or should be inferred. Matching funds were provided by participant hospital and research foundations, including the Baycrest Foundation, Bruyere Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Foundation, London Health Sciences Foundation, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Queen's University Faculty of Health Sciences, the Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, and the Windsor/Essex County ALS Association. The Temerty Family Foundation provided the major infrastructure matching funds. The Linda C. Campbell Foundation and the Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery. Funding Information: This research was conducted with the support of the Ontario Brain Institute, an independent nonprofit corporation, funded partially by the Ontario government. The opinions, results, and conclusions are those of the authors, and no endorsement by the Ontario Brain Institute is intended or should be inferred. Matching funds were provided by participant hospital and research foundations, including the Baycrest Foundation, Bruyere Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Foundation, London Health Sciences Foundation, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Queen's University Faculty of Health Sciences, the Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, and the Windsor/Essex County ALS Association. The Temerty Family Foundation provided the major infrastructure matching funds. This work was also supported by the Linda C. Campbell Foundation and the Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery. We acknowledge the Weston-Selfridges UK Brain Institute and Fondation Leducq Transatlantic Network of Excellence for their support on PVS-related studies. D.P.B. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship. We thank the Linda C. Campbell Foundation, the BrainLab.ca team, and the SEB Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery. We thank the ONDRI participants for their time and participation in our study. We also thank the ONDRI Investigators (http://www.ONDRI.ca/people), specifically the governing, executive, steering, publication, recruiting, assessment, and project management teams. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.",
year = "2022",
month = jun,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1002/mds.29010",
language = "English",
volume = "37",
pages = "1304--1309",
journal = "Movement Disorders",
issn = "0885-3185",
publisher = "Wiley",
number = "6",
}