Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South Asia: a qualitative assessment

Faraz Siddiqui; Ray Croucher; Fayaz Ahmad; Zarak Ahmed; Roshani Babu; Linda Bauld; Fariza Fieroze; Rumana Huque; Ian Kellar; Anuj Kumar; Silwa Lina; Maira Mubashir; Suzanne Tanya Nethan; Narjis Rizvi; Kamran Siddiqi; Prashant Kumar Singh; Heather Thomson; Cath Jackson

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntab065

Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South Asia: a qualitative assessment

Faraz Siddiqui, Ray Croucher, Fayaz Ahmad, Zarak Ahmed, Roshani Babu, Linda Bauld, Fariza Fieroze, Rumana Huque, Ian Kellar, Anuj Kumar, Silwa Lina, Maira Mubashir, Suzanne Tanya Nethan, Narjis Rizvi, Kamran Siddiqi, Prashant Kumar Singh, Heather Thomson, Cath Jackson

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is a significant South Asian public health problem. This paper reports a qualitative study of a sample of South Asian ST users.

METHODS: Interviews, using a piloted topic guide, with 33 consenting, urban dwelling adult ST users explored their ST initiation, continued use and cessation attempts. Framework data analysis was used to analyse country specific data before a thematic cross-country synthesis was completed.

RESULTS: Participants reported long term ST use and high dependency. All reported strong cessation motivation and multiple failed attempts because of ease of purchasing ST, tobacco dependency and lack of institutional support.

CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to support cessation attempts amongst consumers of South Asian ST products should address the multiple challenges of developing an integrated ST policy, including cessation services.

IMPLICATIONS: This study provides detailed understanding of the barriers and drivers to ST initiation, use and cessation for users in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is the first study to directly compare these three countries. The insight was then used to adapt an existing behavioural support intervention for ST cessation for testing in these countries.

Original language	English
Journal	Nicotine and Tobacco Research
Early online date	12 Apr 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntab065
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 12 Apr 2021

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Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South AsiaAccepted author manuscript, 496 KBLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY)

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Siddiqui, F., Croucher, R., Ahmad, F., Ahmed, Z., Babu, R., Bauld, L., Fieroze, F., Huque, R., Kellar, I., Kumar, A., Lina, S., Mubashir, M., Nethan, S. T., Rizvi, N., Siddiqi, K., Kumar Singh, P., Thomson, H., & Jackson, C. (2021). Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South Asia: a qualitative assessment. Nicotine and Tobacco Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntab065

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title = "Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South Asia: a qualitative assessment",

abstract = "INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is a significant South Asian public health problem. This paper reports a qualitative study of a sample of South Asian ST users.METHODS: Interviews, using a piloted topic guide, with 33 consenting, urban dwelling adult ST users explored their ST initiation, continued use and cessation attempts. Framework data analysis was used to analyse country specific data before a thematic cross-country synthesis was completed.RESULTS: Participants reported long term ST use and high dependency. All reported strong cessation motivation and multiple failed attempts because of ease of purchasing ST, tobacco dependency and lack of institutional support.CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to support cessation attempts amongst consumers of South Asian ST products should address the multiple challenges of developing an integrated ST policy, including cessation services.IMPLICATIONS: This study provides detailed understanding of the barriers and drivers to ST initiation, use and cessation for users in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is the first study to directly compare these three countries. The insight was then used to adapt an existing behavioural support intervention for ST cessation for testing in these countries.",

author = "Faraz Siddiqui and Ray Croucher and Fayaz Ahmad and Zarak Ahmed and Roshani Babu and Linda Bauld and Fariza Fieroze and Rumana Huque and Ian Kellar and Anuj Kumar and Silwa Lina and Maira Mubashir and Nethan, {Suzanne Tanya} and Narjis Rizvi and Kamran Siddiqi and {Kumar Singh}, Prashant and Heather Thomson and Cath Jackson",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.",

year = "2021",

month = apr,

day = "12",

doi = "10.1093/ntr/ntab065",

language = "English",

journal = "Nicotine and Tobacco Research",

issn = "1462-2203",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South Asia

T2 - a qualitative assessment

AU - Siddiqui, Faraz

AU - Croucher, Ray

AU - Ahmad, Fayaz

AU - Ahmed, Zarak

AU - Babu, Roshani

AU - Bauld, Linda

AU - Fieroze, Fariza

AU - Huque, Rumana

AU - Kellar, Ian

AU - Kumar, Anuj

AU - Lina, Silwa

AU - Mubashir, Maira

AU - Nethan, Suzanne Tanya

AU - Rizvi, Narjis

AU - Siddiqi, Kamran

AU - Kumar Singh, Prashant

AU - Thomson, Heather

AU - Jackson, Cath

N1 - © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

PY - 2021/4/12

Y1 - 2021/4/12

N2 - INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is a significant South Asian public health problem. This paper reports a qualitative study of a sample of South Asian ST users.METHODS: Interviews, using a piloted topic guide, with 33 consenting, urban dwelling adult ST users explored their ST initiation, continued use and cessation attempts. Framework data analysis was used to analyse country specific data before a thematic cross-country synthesis was completed.RESULTS: Participants reported long term ST use and high dependency. All reported strong cessation motivation and multiple failed attempts because of ease of purchasing ST, tobacco dependency and lack of institutional support.CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to support cessation attempts amongst consumers of South Asian ST products should address the multiple challenges of developing an integrated ST policy, including cessation services.IMPLICATIONS: This study provides detailed understanding of the barriers and drivers to ST initiation, use and cessation for users in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is the first study to directly compare these three countries. The insight was then used to adapt an existing behavioural support intervention for ST cessation for testing in these countries.

AB - INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is a significant South Asian public health problem. This paper reports a qualitative study of a sample of South Asian ST users.METHODS: Interviews, using a piloted topic guide, with 33 consenting, urban dwelling adult ST users explored their ST initiation, continued use and cessation attempts. Framework data analysis was used to analyse country specific data before a thematic cross-country synthesis was completed.RESULTS: Participants reported long term ST use and high dependency. All reported strong cessation motivation and multiple failed attempts because of ease of purchasing ST, tobacco dependency and lack of institutional support.CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to support cessation attempts amongst consumers of South Asian ST products should address the multiple challenges of developing an integrated ST policy, including cessation services.IMPLICATIONS: This study provides detailed understanding of the barriers and drivers to ST initiation, use and cessation for users in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is the first study to directly compare these three countries. The insight was then used to adapt an existing behavioural support intervention for ST cessation for testing in these countries.

U2 - 10.1093/ntr/ntab065

DO - 10.1093/ntr/ntab065

M3 - Article

C2 - 33844008

SN - 1462-2203

JO - Nicotine and Tobacco Research

JF - Nicotine and Tobacco Research

ER -

Smokeless tobacco initiation, use and cessation in South Asia: a qualitative assessment

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