@inbook{7b0df311ba8047b888eb4e2fab8819bc,
title = "Soft law and citizenship regimes",
abstract = "In this chapter, we explore the intersections between soft law and citizenship regimes, with a focus on soft norms and institutions {\textquoteleft}beyond the state{\textquoteright}. The chapter is structured around three core dimensions of soft law: as a counter-paradigm to {\textquoteleft}hard law{\textquoteright} (the law-making or normative dimension); as a tool of governance, especially in the context of multi-level governance (the governance dimension); and as a gateway to a range of new comparative approaches to citizenship studies (the methodological dimension). The analysis of these three dimensions centres on three illustrative {\textquoteleft}sites{\textquoteright} of convergence between soft law and citizenship regimes, namely the right to a nationality, the modes of citizenship acquisition, and multicultural citizenship. Our analysis suggests that soft law is already a significant factor in relation to the progressive evolution of citizenship regimes, especially with respect to norms and institutions {\textquoteleft}beyond the state{\textquoteright}, and may come to play an even more substantial role in future.",
keywords = "citizenship, nationality, soft law, governance, methodology, citizenship regimes, beyond the state, hard law, multilevel governance, comparative approach",
author = "Timothy Jacob-Owens and Jo Shaw",
year = "2023",
doi = "10.2139/ssrn.4323700",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781839101922",
series = "Research Handbooks in Law and Politics",
publisher = "Edward Elgar",
pages = "353--367",
editor = "Eliantonio, {Mariolina } and Emilia Korkea-aho and {M{\"o}rth }, Ulrika",
booktitle = "Research Handbook on Soft Law",
}