The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III baryon oscillation spectroscopic survey: Signs of neutrino mass in current cosmological data sets

We investigate the cosmological implications of the latest growth of structure measurement from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) CMASS Data Release 11 with particular focus on the sum of the neutrino masses,Σm<inf>ν</inf> . We examine the robustness of the cosmological constraints from the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale, the Alcock-Paczynski effect and redshift-space distortions (DV/r<inf>s</inf>, F<inf>AP</inf>, fσ8) of Beutler et al., when introducing a neutrino mass in the power spectrum template.We then discuss how the neutrino mass relaxes discrepancies between the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and other low-redshift measurements within {n-ary logical and} cold dark matter. Combining our cosmological constraints with 9-year WilkinsonMicrowave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP9) yieldsΣm<inf>ν</inf> =0.36 ±0.14 eV (68 per cent c.l.), which represents a 2.6σ preference for non-zero neutrino mass. The significance can be increased to 3.3σ when including weak lensing results and other BAO constraints, yielding Σmν = 0.35 ± 0.10 eV (68 per cent c.l.). However, combining CMASS with Planck data reduces the preference for neutrino mass to ~2σ. When removing the CMB lensing effect in the Planck temperature power spectrum (by marginalizing over A<inf>L</inf>), we see shifts of ~1σ in σ<inf>8</inf> and Ω<inf>m</inf>, which have a significant effect on the neutrino mass constraints. In the case of CMASS plus Planck without the A<inf>L</inf> lensing signal, we find a preference for a neutrino mass of Σm<inf>ν</inf> = 0.34 ± 0.14 eV (68 per cent c.l.), in excellent agreement with the WMAP9+CMASS value. The constraint can be tightened to 3.4σ yielding Σm<inf>ν</inf> = 0.36 ± 0.10 eV (68 per cent c.l.) when weak lensing data and other BAO constraints are included.