Abstract
This article investigates the pervasive influence of the pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan and primarily the attitudes of the medical community toward such interactions. We used an inductive approach informed by grounded theory principles to analyze interviews and focus groups with consultants, residents, medical students, and a pharmaceutical industry representative in Karachi and Lahore (n = 27), and participant-observation data from two biomedical conferences. Data were then analyzed through a deontological and teleological ethical theoretical framework. Findings highlight the reasons leading to the continuation of norms including weak regulations, physicians’ expectations of receiving favors, and limited exposure to bioethics education. Recommendations for practice, policy, and research are discussed.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 473-489 |
Journal | Ethics and Behavior |
Volume | 29 |
Issue number | 6 |
Early online date | 6 Jul 2018 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 18 Aug 2018 |
Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)
- pharmaceutical industry
- Pakistan
- medical ethics
- pharma-physician relationships
- bioethics education
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Marisa De Andrade
- School of Health in Social Science - Senior Lecturer
- Centre for Creative-Relational Inquiry
Person: Academic: Research Active