The importance of coagulation factors binding to adenovirus: historical perspectives and implications for gene delivery

Estrella Lopez-Gordo, Laura Denby, Stuart A Nicklin, Andrew H Baker

Research output: Contribution to journalLiterature reviewpeer-review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The interaction of human adenovirus (HAdV) serotype 5 (HAdV-5) with the blood coagulation factor X (FX) results in a high liver transduction after AdV intravascular administration, causing toxicity and limiting AdV delivery to the target tissue. However, FX also protects adenoviral vectors from neutralization by the complement system and natural antibodies, potentially benefiting adenoviral gene delivery, as neutralization results in the reduction of HAdV-5 binding to host cells.

AREAS COVERED: This review gives an overview on the use of adenoviruses as gene transfer vehicles and their impact in gene therapy. The structure of coagulation factors and their interactions with HAdV are described, highlighting their influence on the AdV biodistribution profile. The implications of this interaction in immunity and its potential influence on the use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy applications are discussed.

EXPERT OPINION: The protective role of FX brings under discussion how beneficial abolishment of FX binding would be for HAdV-5 liver detargeting. The dispensability of FX for liver transduction in immunocompromised mice suggests the involvement of other blood factors or receptors in enhancing HAdV-5 liver transduction. Better understanding of the interactions that take place in the bloodstream is essential to generate safe and efficient adenoviral vectors.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1795-813
Number of pages19
JournalExpert Opinion on Drug Delivery
Volume11
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2014

Keywords / Materials (for Non-textual outputs)

  • Adenoviruses, Human
  • Animals
  • Factor X
  • Gene Transfer Techniques
  • Genetic Therapy
  • Genetic Vectors
  • Humans
  • Liver
  • Protein Binding

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