@article{02131373fbdd4b4abeda90c1594b5ffc,
title = "The making of plant armor: The periderm",
abstract = "The periderm acts as armor protecting the plant's inner tissues from biotic and abiotic stress. It forms during the radial thickening of plant organs such as stems and roots and replaces the function of primary protective tissues such as the epidermis and the endodermis. A wound periderm also forms to heal and protect injured tissues. The periderm comprises a meristematic tissue called the phellogen, or cork cambium, and its derivatives: the lignosuberized phellem and the phelloderm. Research on the periderm has mainly focused on the chemical composition of the phellem due to its relevance as a raw material for industrial processes. Today, there is increasing interest in the regulatory network underlying periderm development as a novel breeding trait to improve plant resilience and to sequester CO2. Here, we discuss our current understanding of periderm formation, focusing on aspects of periderm evolution, mechanisms of periderm ontogenesis, regulatory networks underlying phellogen initiation and cork differentiation, and future challenges of periderm research.",
keywords = "phellem, bark, phelloderm, cork cambium, phellogen, periderm",
author = "Olga Serra and M{\"a}h{\"o}nen, {Ari Pekka} and Hetherington, {Alexander J.} and Laura Ragni",
note = "Funding Information: We apologize to authors whose works on periderm have not been cited, either inadvertently or because of length constraints. We thank Dr. York Stierhof and Dr. Sandra Richter from the central facility of the Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP) for providing images of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) phellem cells. We thank Dagmar Ripper, David Molina, and Wei Xiao for providing cross sections of poplar and Arabidopsis and Arabidopsis confocal images. We also thankDr. Marisa Molinas and the Laboratori del Suro for providing scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs of potato tuber periderm and laminated cork. We thank Dr. Merc{\`e} Figueras and Dr. Tonni Andersen for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) to L.R. (RA2950/1-2 and RA2950/4-1), from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci{\'o}n (PID2019-110330GB-C21) to O.S., by a United Kingdom Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/T018585/1) to A.J.H., and from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG CORKtheCAMBIA, agreement 819422) to A.P.M. Funding Information: We apologize to authors whose works on periderm have not been cited, either inadvertently or because of length constraints. We thank Dr. York Stierhof and Dr. Sandra Richter from the central facility of the Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP) for providing images of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) phellem cells. We thank Dagmar Ripper, David Molina, and Wei Xiao for providing cross sections of poplar and Arabidopsis and Arabidopsis confocal images. We also thank Dr. Marisa Molinas and the Laboratori del Suro for providing scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs of potato tuber periderm and laminated cork. We thank Dr. Merc{\`e} Figueras and Dr. Tonni Andersen for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) to L.R. (RA2950/1-2 and RA2950/4-1), from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci{\'o}n (PID2019-110330GB-C21) to O.S., by a United Kingdom Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/T018585/1) to A.J.H., and from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG CORKtheCAMBIA, agreement 819422) to A.P.M. Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.",
year = "2022",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1146/annurev-arplant-102720-031405",
language = "English",
volume = "73",
pages = "405--432",
journal = "Annual Review of Plant Biology",
issn = "1543-5008",
publisher = "Annual Reviews Inc.",
number = "1",
}