@article{18cc7bff64df4708bfc7f57e46643258,
title = "The Sherwood-Relics simulations: overview and impact of patchy reionization and pressure smoothing on the intergalactic medium",
abstract = "We present the Sherwood-Relics simulations, a new suite of large cosmological hydrodynamical simulations aimed at modelling the intergalactic medium (IGM) during and after the cosmic reionization of hydrogen. The suite consists of over 200 simulations that cover a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological parameters. It also includes simulations that use a new lightweight hybrid scheme for treating radiative transfer effects. This scheme follows the spatial variations in the ionizing radiation field, as well as the associated fluctuations in IGM temperature and pressure smoothing. It is computationally much cheaper than full radiation hydrodynamics simulations, and circumvents the difficult task of calibrating a galaxy formation model to observational constraints on cosmic reionization. Using this hybrid technique, we study the spatial fluctuations in IGM properties that are seeded by patchy cosmic reionization. We investigate the relevant physical processes and assess their impact on the z > 4 Lyman-α forest. Our main findings are: (i) consistent with previous studies patchy reionization causes large-scale temperature fluctuations that persist well after the end of reionization, (ii) these increase the Lyman-α forest flux power spectrum on large scales, and (iii) result in a spatially varying pressure smoothing that correlates well with the local reionization redshift. (iv) Structures evaporated or puffed up by photoheating cause notable features in the Lyman-α forest, such as flat-bottom or double-dip absorption profiles.",
keywords = "dark ages, reionization, first stars, intergalactic medium, methods: numerical",
author = "Ewald Puchwein and Bolton, {James S.} and Keating, {Laura C.} and Margherita Molaro and Prakash Gaikwad and Girish Kulkarni and Haehnelt, {Martin G.} and Vid Ir{\v s}i{\v c} and Tom{\'a}{\v s} {\v S}oltinsk{\'y} and Matteo Viel and Dominique Aubert and Becker, {George D.} and Avery Meiksin",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Volker Springel for making P-GADGET3 available and Debora Sijacki for helpful discussions. We acknowledge the Part- nership for Advanced Computing in Europe (PRACE) for awarding us access to the Curie and Irene supercomputers, based in France at the Tres Grand Centre de calcul du CEA, during the 16th Call. The Sherwood-Relics simulations were also performed using time allocated during the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) DiRAC 12th Call. We used the Cambridge Service for Data Driv en Disco v ery (CSD3), part of which is operated by the University of Cambridge Research Computing on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility ( www.dirac.ac.uk). The DiRAC component of CSD3 was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/P002307/1 and ST/R002452/1 and STFC operations grant ST/R00689X/1. This work also used the DiRAC@Durham facility managed by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility. The equipment was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/P002293/1 and ST/R002371/1, Durham University and STFC operations grant ST/R000832/1. DiRAC is part of the National e-Infrastructure. JSB and MM are supported by STFC consolidated grant ST/T000171/1. Laura Keating was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska- Curie Actions grant agreement No. 885990. GK is partly supported by the Department of Atomic Energy, Go v ernment of India research project with Project Identification Number RTI 4002, and by the Max Planck Society through a Max Planck Partner Group. TS is supported by the University of Nottingham Vice Chancellor's Scholarship for Research Excellence (EU). MV is supported by the INFN grant INDARK PD51 and by ASI grant under grant agreement ASI- INAF n. 2017-14-H.0. VI is supported by the Kavli Foundation. GDB is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant AST-1751404. Part of this w ork w as supported by FP7 ERC Grant Emergence-320596. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s).",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/mnras/stac3761",
language = "English",
volume = "519",
pages = "6162--6183",
journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",
issn = "0035-8711",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "4",
}