TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA’s TESS mission

Theron W. Carmichael; Jonathan M. Irwin; Felipe Murgas; Enric Pallé; Keivan G. Stassun; Matthew Bartnik; Karen A. Collins; Jerome de Leon; Emma Esparza-Borges; Jeremy Fedewa; William Fong; Akihiko Fukui; Jon M. Jenkins; Taiki Kagetani; David W. Latham; Michael B. Lund; Andrew W. Mann; Dan Moldovan; Edward H. Morgan; Norio Narita; Shane Painter; Hannu Parviainen; Elisa V. Quintana; George R. Ricker; Jack Schulte; Richard P. Schwarz; Sara Seager; Kirill Sokolovsky; Joseph D. Twicken; Joshua N. Winn

doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1666

TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA’s TESS mission

Theron W. Carmichael^*, Jonathan M. Irwin, Felipe Murgas, Enric Pallé, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthew Bartnik, Karen A. Collins, Jerome de Leon, Emma Esparza-Borges, Jeremy Fedewa, William Fong, Akihiko Fukui, Jon M. Jenkins, Taiki Kagetani, David W. Latham, Michael B. Lund, Andrew W. Mann, Dan Moldovan, Edward H. Morgan, Norio NaritaShane Painter, Hannu Parviainen, Elisa V. Quintana, George R. Ricker, Jack Schulte, Richard P. Schwarz, Sara Seager, Kirill Sokolovsky, Joseph D. Twicken, Joshua N. Winn

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We report the discovery of TOI-2119b, a transiting brown dwarf (BD) that orbits and is completely eclipsed by an active Mdwarf star. Using light curve data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission and follow-up high-resolution Doppler spectroscopic observations, we find the BD has a radius of 𝑅𝑏 = 1.08 ± 0.03RJ, a mass of 𝑀𝑏 = 64.4 ± 2.3MJ, an orbital period of 𝑃 = 7.200865 ± 0.00002 days, and an eccentricity of 𝑒 = 0.337 ± 0.002. The host star has a mass of 𝑀★ = 0.53 ± 0.02M⊙, a radius of 𝑅★ = 0.50 ± 0.01R⊙, an effective temperature of 𝑇eff = 3621 ± 48K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.06 ± 0.08.
TOI-2119b joins an emerging population of transiting BDs around M-dwarf host stars, with TOI-2119 being the ninth such system. These M-dwarf–brown dwarf systems typically occupy mass ratios near 𝑞 = 𝑀𝑏/𝑀★ ≈ 0.1 − 0.2, which separates them from the typical mass ratios for systems with transiting substellar objects and giant exoplanets that orbit more massive stars. The
nature of the secondary eclipse of the BD by the star enables us to estimate the effective temperature of the substellar object to be 2030 ± 84K, which is consistent with predictions by substellar evolutionary models.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4944-4957
Number of pages	14
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	514
Issue number	4
Early online date	16 Jun 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1666
Publication status	Published - 1 Aug 2022

Keywords

astro-ph.SR
astro-ph.EP
techniques: radial velocities
techniques: photometric
techniques: spectroscopic
(stars:) brown dwarfs
stars: low-mass

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10.1093/mnras/stac1666

TOI_2119_MNRAS_acceptedAccepted author manuscript, 2.85 MBLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY)
2202.08842v2

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Carmichael, T. W., Irwin, J. M., Murgas, F., Pallé, E., Stassun, K. G., Bartnik, M., Collins, K. A., Leon, J. D., Esparza-Borges, E., Fedewa, J., Fong, W., Fukui, A., Jenkins, J. M., Kagetani, T., Latham, D. W., Lund, M. B., Mann, A. W., Moldovan, D., Morgan, E. H., ... Winn, J. N. (2022). TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA’s TESS mission. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 514(4), 4944-4957. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1666

@article{e6b821ee0f37479fb7e4ed1f9504a5fa,

title = "TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA{\textquoteright}s TESS mission",

abstract = "We report the discovery of TOI-2119b, a transiting brown dwarf (BD) that orbits and is completely eclipsed by an active Mdwarf star. Using light curve data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission and follow-up high-resolution Doppler spectroscopic observations, we find the BD has a radius of 푅푏 = 1.08 ± 0.03RJ, a mass of 푀푏 = 64.4 ± 2.3MJ, an orbital period of 푃 = 7.200865 ± 0.00002 days, and an eccentricity of 푒 = 0.337 ± 0.002. The host star has a mass of 푀★ = 0.53 ± 0.02M⊙, a radius of 푅★ = 0.50 ± 0.01R⊙, an effective temperature of 푇eff = 3621 ± 48K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.06 ± 0.08.TOI-2119b joins an emerging population of transiting BDs around M-dwarf host stars, with TOI-2119 being the ninth such system. These M-dwarf–brown dwarf systems typically occupy mass ratios near 푞 = 푀푏/푀★ ≈ 0.1 − 0.2, which separates them from the typical mass ratios for systems with transiting substellar objects and giant exoplanets that orbit more massive stars. Thenature of the secondary eclipse of the BD by the star enables us to estimate the effective temperature of the substellar object to be 2030 ± 84K, which is consistent with predictions by substellar evolutionary models.",

keywords = "astro-ph.SR, astro-ph.EP, techniques: radial velocities, techniques: photometric, techniques: spectroscopic, (stars:) brown dwarfs, stars: low-mass",

author = "Carmichael, {Theron W.} and Irwin, {Jonathan M.} and Felipe Murgas and Enric Pall{\'e} and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Matthew Bartnik and Collins, {Karen A.} and Leon, {Jerome de} and Emma Esparza-Borges and Jeremy Fedewa and William Fong and Akihiko Fukui and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Taiki Kagetani and Latham, {David W.} and Lund, {Michael B.} and Mann, {Andrew W.} and Dan Moldovan and Morgan, {Edward H.} and Norio Narita and Shane Painter and Hannu Parviainen and Quintana, {Elisa V.} and Ricker, {George R.} and Jack Schulte and Schwarz, {Richard P.} and Sara Seager and Kirill Sokolovsky and Twicken, {Joseph D.} and Winn, {Joshua N.}",

note = "14 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables, accepted in MNRAS Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stac1666",

language = "English",

volume = "514",

pages = "4944--4957",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "4",

}

Carmichael, TW, Irwin, JM, Murgas, F, Pallé, E, Stassun, KG, Bartnik, M, Collins, KA, Leon, JD, Esparza-Borges, E, Fedewa, J, Fong, W, Fukui, A, Jenkins, JM, Kagetani, T, Latham, DW, Lund, MB, Mann, AW, Moldovan, D, Morgan, EH, Narita, N, Painter, S, Parviainen, H, Quintana, EV, Ricker, GR, Schulte, J, Schwarz, RP, Seager, S, Sokolovsky, K, Twicken, JD & Winn, JN 2022, 'TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA’s TESS mission', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , vol. 514, no. 4, pp. 4944-4957. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1666

TY - JOUR

T1 - TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA’s TESS mission

AU - Carmichael, Theron W.

AU - Irwin, Jonathan M.

AU - Murgas, Felipe

AU - Pallé, Enric

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Bartnik, Matthew

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Leon, Jerome de

AU - Esparza-Borges, Emma

AU - Fedewa, Jeremy

AU - Fong, William

AU - Fukui, Akihiko

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Kagetani, Taiki

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Lund, Michael B.

AU - Mann, Andrew W.

AU - Moldovan, Dan

AU - Morgan, Edward H.

AU - Narita, Norio

AU - Painter, Shane

AU - Parviainen, Hannu

AU - Quintana, Elisa V.

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Schulte, Jack

AU - Schwarz, Richard P.

AU - Seager, Sara

AU - Sokolovsky, Kirill

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

PY - 2022/8/1

Y1 - 2022/8/1

N2 - We report the discovery of TOI-2119b, a transiting brown dwarf (BD) that orbits and is completely eclipsed by an active Mdwarf star. Using light curve data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission and follow-up high-resolution Doppler spectroscopic observations, we find the BD has a radius of 푅푏 = 1.08 ± 0.03RJ, a mass of 푀푏 = 64.4 ± 2.3MJ, an orbital period of 푃 = 7.200865 ± 0.00002 days, and an eccentricity of 푒 = 0.337 ± 0.002. The host star has a mass of 푀★ = 0.53 ± 0.02M⊙, a radius of 푅★ = 0.50 ± 0.01R⊙, an effective temperature of 푇eff = 3621 ± 48K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.06 ± 0.08.TOI-2119b joins an emerging population of transiting BDs around M-dwarf host stars, with TOI-2119 being the ninth such system. These M-dwarf–brown dwarf systems typically occupy mass ratios near 푞 = 푀푏/푀★ ≈ 0.1 − 0.2, which separates them from the typical mass ratios for systems with transiting substellar objects and giant exoplanets that orbit more massive stars. Thenature of the secondary eclipse of the BD by the star enables us to estimate the effective temperature of the substellar object to be 2030 ± 84K, which is consistent with predictions by substellar evolutionary models.

AB - We report the discovery of TOI-2119b, a transiting brown dwarf (BD) that orbits and is completely eclipsed by an active Mdwarf star. Using light curve data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission and follow-up high-resolution Doppler spectroscopic observations, we find the BD has a radius of 푅푏 = 1.08 ± 0.03RJ, a mass of 푀푏 = 64.4 ± 2.3MJ, an orbital period of 푃 = 7.200865 ± 0.00002 days, and an eccentricity of 푒 = 0.337 ± 0.002. The host star has a mass of 푀★ = 0.53 ± 0.02M⊙, a radius of 푅★ = 0.50 ± 0.01R⊙, an effective temperature of 푇eff = 3621 ± 48K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.06 ± 0.08.TOI-2119b joins an emerging population of transiting BDs around M-dwarf host stars, with TOI-2119 being the ninth such system. These M-dwarf–brown dwarf systems typically occupy mass ratios near 푞 = 푀푏/푀★ ≈ 0.1 − 0.2, which separates them from the typical mass ratios for systems with transiting substellar objects and giant exoplanets that orbit more massive stars. Thenature of the secondary eclipse of the BD by the star enables us to estimate the effective temperature of the substellar object to be 2030 ± 84K, which is consistent with predictions by substellar evolutionary models.

KW - astro-ph.SR

KW - astro-ph.EP

KW - techniques: radial velocities

KW - techniques: photometric

KW - techniques: spectroscopic

KW - (stars:) brown dwarfs

KW - stars: low-mass

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stac1666

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stac1666

M3 - Article

VL - 514

SP - 4944

EP - 4957

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 4

ER -

TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA’s TESS mission

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