@inbook{f6db5e9e2e4948ce967e26808f534076,
title = "Trends in retirement practices: Dealing with an aging society in different countries",
abstract = "This chapter explores and discusses changes and trends in retirement practices in different countries around the world. Retirement patterns, especially early retirement, have gained considerable attention in many societies due to population aging, which has by now become universal and present in every region of the world. To respond to this challenge, many countries have been redesigning their pension laws and changing their retirement policies to delay the retirement age and either disincentivize early retirement or make it impossible to retire before the normal retirement age. However, despite the development of these national policies, organizations still have a considerable amount of discretion regarding retiring and/or retaining their older workforce. We first review retirement practices in different countries around the world. We then highlight different retirement patterns in terms of timing and flexibility, and discuss how organizations shape individual transition to retirement in different societies by implementing specific human resource practices. The authors conclude with implications and future directions in this field.",
keywords = "retirement practices, retirement timing, flexible retirement, early retirement, phased retirement, HR practices, cross-national comparison",
author = "Nuria Tordera and Kristina Poto{\v c}nik and Peir{\'o}, \{Jose Maria\}",
year = "2025",
month = may,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1093/9780197699584.003.0033",
language = "English",
isbn = "9780197699553",
series = "Oxford Library of Psychology",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
editor = "Mo Wang",
booktitle = "The Oxford Handbook of Retirement",
address = "United States",
edition = "2nd",
}