User involvement in the development, design and implementation of eHealth solutions in low resource settings: a scoping review

Abstract
Background
The socio-technical aspects of eHealth are well recognized and emphasise the importance of meaningful involvement of users throughout the development and implementation of eHealth solutions. User engagement is also highlighted as key to scaleability and sustainability of eHealth projects, especially in the context of low resource settings.
Methods
A scoping review was carried out to identify what methodologies are used to actively
involve users in the development, design and implementation of eHealth solutions in low resource settings, what conceptual frameworks these are based on, whether there are any shared elements across different models and if it is possible to identify elements associated with successful implementation.
Results
From a search of standard electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Global Index Medicus); the grey literature and online sources, 474 titles were selected for abstract review and 11 for data extraction and description of common themes in relation to user engagement.
Descriptions of impact have been summarised under the headings related usability,
infrastructure, social impact, service impact, and clinical impact. Trust emerged as a key theme across the projects.
Summary
This review highlights the importance of user engagement in ehealth in low resource
settings and key enabling factors.