West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers

Lu Lu; Feifei Zhang; Bas Oude Munnink; Emmanuelle Munger; Reina Sikkema; Styliani Pappa; Katerina Tsioka; Alessandro Sinigaglia; Emanuela Dal Molin; Barbara Shih; Anne Günther; Anne Pohlmann; Martin  Beer; Rachel A. Taylor; Frederic Bartumeus; Mark Woolhouse; Frank Aarestrup; Luisa Barzon; Anna Papa; Samantha Lycett; Marion Koopmans

doi:10.1101/2022.11.10.515886

West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers

Lu Lu^*, Feifei Zhang, Bas Oude Munnink, Emmanuelle Munger, Reina Sikkema, Styliani Pappa, Katerina Tsioka, Alessandro Sinigaglia, Emanuela Dal Molin, Barbara Shih, Anne Günther, Anne Pohlmann, Martin Beer, Rachel A. Taylor, Frederic Bartumeus, Mark Woolhouse, Frank Aarestrup, Luisa Barzon, Anna Papa, Samantha LycettMarion Koopmans

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Working paper › Preprint

Abstract / Description of output

Spread and emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Europe have been very different from those observed in North America. Here, we describe key drivers by combining viral genome sequences with epidemiological data and possible factors of spread into phylodynamic models. WNV in Europe has greater lineage diversity than other regions of the world, suggesting repeated introductions and local amplification. Among the six lineages found in Europe, WNV-2a is predominant, has spread to at least 14 countries and evolved into two major co-circulating clusters (A and B). Both of these seem to originate from regions of Central Europe. Viruses of Cluster A emerged earlier and have spread towards the west of Europe with higher genetic diversity. Amongst multiple drivers, high agriculture activities were associated with both spread direction and velocity. Our study suggests future surveillance activities should be strengthened in Central Europe and Southeast European countries, and enhanced monitoring should be targeted to areas with high agriculture activities.

Original language	English
Publisher	bioRxiv
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.10.515886
Publication status	Published - 13 Nov 2022

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10.1101/2022.11.10.515886Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)

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Lu, L., Zhang, F., Oude Munnink, B., Munger, E., Sikkema, R., Pappa, S., Tsioka, K., Sinigaglia, A., Dal Molin, E., Shih, B., Günther, A., Pohlmann, A., Beer, M., Taylor, R. A., Bartumeus, F., Woolhouse, M., Aarestrup, F., Barzon, L., Papa, A., ... Koopmans, M. (2022). West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.10.515886

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title = "West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers",

abstract = "Spread and emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Europe have been very different from those observed in North America. Here, we describe key drivers by combining viral genome sequences with epidemiological data and possible factors of spread into phylodynamic models. WNV in Europe has greater lineage diversity than other regions of the world, suggesting repeated introductions and local amplification. Among the six lineages found in Europe, WNV-2a is predominant, has spread to at least 14 countries and evolved into two major co-circulating clusters (A and B). Both of these seem to originate from regions of Central Europe. Viruses of Cluster A emerged earlier and have spread towards the west of Europe with higher genetic diversity. Amongst multiple drivers, high agriculture activities were associated with both spread direction and velocity. Our study suggests future surveillance activities should be strengthened in Central Europe and Southeast European countries, and enhanced monitoring should be targeted to areas with high agriculture activities.",

author = "Lu Lu and Feifei Zhang and {Oude Munnink}, Bas and Emmanuelle Munger and Reina Sikkema and Styliani Pappa and Katerina Tsioka and Alessandro Sinigaglia and {Dal Molin}, Emanuela and Barbara Shih and Anne G{\"u}nther and Anne Pohlmann and Martin Beer and Taylor, {Rachel A.} and Frederic Bartumeus and Mark Woolhouse and Frank Aarestrup and Luisa Barzon and Anna Papa and Samantha Lycett and Marion Koopmans",

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Lu, L, Zhang, F, Oude Munnink, B, Munger, E, Sikkema, R, Pappa, S, Tsioka, K, Sinigaglia, A, Dal Molin, E, Shih, B, Günther, A, Pohlmann, A, Beer, M, Taylor, RA, Bartumeus, F, Woolhouse, M, Aarestrup, F, Barzon, L, Papa, A, Lycett, S & Koopmans, M 2022 'West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers' bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.10.515886

TY - UNPB

T1 - West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers

AU - Lu, Lu

AU - Zhang, Feifei

AU - Oude Munnink, Bas

AU - Munger, Emmanuelle

AU - Sikkema, Reina

AU - Pappa, Styliani

AU - Tsioka, Katerina

AU - Sinigaglia, Alessandro

AU - Dal Molin, Emanuela

AU - Shih, Barbara

AU - Günther, Anne

AU - Pohlmann, Anne

AU - Beer, Martin

AU - Taylor, Rachel A.

AU - Bartumeus, Frederic

AU - Woolhouse, Mark

AU - Aarestrup, Frank

AU - Barzon, Luisa

AU - Papa, Anna

AU - Lycett, Samantha

AU - Koopmans, Marion

PY - 2022/11/13

Y1 - 2022/11/13

N2 - Spread and emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Europe have been very different from those observed in North America. Here, we describe key drivers by combining viral genome sequences with epidemiological data and possible factors of spread into phylodynamic models. WNV in Europe has greater lineage diversity than other regions of the world, suggesting repeated introductions and local amplification. Among the six lineages found in Europe, WNV-2a is predominant, has spread to at least 14 countries and evolved into two major co-circulating clusters (A and B). Both of these seem to originate from regions of Central Europe. Viruses of Cluster A emerged earlier and have spread towards the west of Europe with higher genetic diversity. Amongst multiple drivers, high agriculture activities were associated with both spread direction and velocity. Our study suggests future surveillance activities should be strengthened in Central Europe and Southeast European countries, and enhanced monitoring should be targeted to areas with high agriculture activities.

AB - Spread and emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Europe have been very different from those observed in North America. Here, we describe key drivers by combining viral genome sequences with epidemiological data and possible factors of spread into phylodynamic models. WNV in Europe has greater lineage diversity than other regions of the world, suggesting repeated introductions and local amplification. Among the six lineages found in Europe, WNV-2a is predominant, has spread to at least 14 countries and evolved into two major co-circulating clusters (A and B). Both of these seem to originate from regions of Central Europe. Viruses of Cluster A emerged earlier and have spread towards the west of Europe with higher genetic diversity. Amongst multiple drivers, high agriculture activities were associated with both spread direction and velocity. Our study suggests future surveillance activities should be strengthened in Central Europe and Southeast European countries, and enhanced monitoring should be targeted to areas with high agriculture activities.

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DO - 10.1101/2022.11.10.515886

M3 - Preprint

BT - West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers

PB - bioRxiv

ER -

West Nile Virus spread in Europe - phylogeographic pattern analysis and key drivers

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