TY - JOUR
T1 - Wind turbine drivetrains
T2 - State-of-the-art technologies and future development trends
AU - Nejad, Amir R.
AU - Keller, Jonathan
AU - Guo, Yi
AU - Sheng, Shawn
AU - Polinder, Henk
AU - Watson, Simon
AU - Dong, Jianning
AU - Qin, Zian
AU - Ebrahimi, Amir
AU - Schelenz, Ralf
AU - Gutiérrez Guzmán, Francisco
AU - Cornel, Daniel
AU - Golafshan, Reza
AU - Jacobs, Georg
AU - Blockmans, Bart
AU - Bosmans, Jelle
AU - Pluymers, Bert
AU - Carroll, James
AU - Koukoura, Sofia
AU - Hart, Edward
AU - McDonald, Alasdair
AU - Natarajan, Anand
AU - Torsvik, Jone
AU - Moghadam, Farid K.
AU - Daems, Pieter Jan
AU - Verstraeten, Timothy
AU - Peeters, Cédric
AU - Helsen, Jan
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was also authored in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Funding was provided by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Wind Energy Technologies Office. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgements. This paper has been prepared by the Drivetrain Technical Committee (DTC) at the European Academy of Wind Energy (EAWE) over the period of 2020–2021. The authors appreciate the fruitful discussions within the DTC and acknowledge the EAWE for facilitating this forum for the wind research community. The open-access publication was financially supported by the NTNU Publishing Fund and the Marine Technology Department at the NTNU, which are greatly acknowledged.
Funding Information:
Financial support. This research has been partially supported by the US Department of Energy (grant no. DE-AC36-08GO28308), the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 (grant no. 1851) and the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (grant nos. 1S47617N and 1282221N).
Funding Information:
Pieter-Jan Daems, Timothy Verstraeten, Cédric Peeters and Jan Helsen received funding from the Flemish Government (AI Research Program). They would like to acknowledge the FWO (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) for their support through the SB grant of Timothy Verstraeten (no. 1S47617N) and post-doctoral grant of Cédric Peeters (no. 1282221N). They would also like to acknowledge VLAIO for the support through the SIM MaDurOS program project SBO MaSiWEC (H.B.C.2017.0606) and Blauwe Cluster ICON project Supersized 4.0.
Funding Information:
Edward Hart is funded by a Brunel Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s).
PY - 2022/2/21
Y1 - 2022/2/21
N2 - This paper presents the state-of-the-art technologies and development trends of wind turbine drivetrains - the system that converts kinetic energy of the wind to electrical energy - in different stages of their life cycle: design, manufacturing, installation, operation, lifetime extension, decommissioning and recycling. Offshore development and digitalization are also a focal point in this study. Drivetrain in this context includes the whole power conversion system: main bearing, shafts, gearbox, generator and power converter. The main aim of this article is to review the drivetrain technology development as well as to identify future challenges and research gaps. The main challenges in drivetrain research identified in this paper include drivetrain dynamic responses in large or floating turbines, aerodynamic and farm control effects, use of rare-earth material in generators, improving reliability through prognostics, and use of advances in digitalization. These challenges illustrate the multidisciplinary aspect of wind turbine drivetrains, which emphasizes the need for more interdisciplinary research and collaboration.
AB - This paper presents the state-of-the-art technologies and development trends of wind turbine drivetrains - the system that converts kinetic energy of the wind to electrical energy - in different stages of their life cycle: design, manufacturing, installation, operation, lifetime extension, decommissioning and recycling. Offshore development and digitalization are also a focal point in this study. Drivetrain in this context includes the whole power conversion system: main bearing, shafts, gearbox, generator and power converter. The main aim of this article is to review the drivetrain technology development as well as to identify future challenges and research gaps. The main challenges in drivetrain research identified in this paper include drivetrain dynamic responses in large or floating turbines, aerodynamic and farm control effects, use of rare-earth material in generators, improving reliability through prognostics, and use of advances in digitalization. These challenges illustrate the multidisciplinary aspect of wind turbine drivetrains, which emphasizes the need for more interdisciplinary research and collaboration.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85125437630&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.5194/wes-7-387-2022
DO - 10.5194/wes-7-387-2022
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85125437630
SN - 2366-7443
VL - 7
SP - 387
EP - 411
JO - Wind Energy Science
JF - Wind Energy Science
IS - 1
ER -