Worldwide Comparison of CO₂-EOR Conditions: Comparison of fiscal and industrial conditions in seven global regions where CO₂-EOR is active or under consideration

Previous work within the Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) joint industry project (JIP) on carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) which looked at financial incentives for CO2-EOR in the United Kingdom (UK) suggested that development of an EOR project in the UK continental shelf area was most likely only to be considered by a super-major or multinational oil company (Durusut and Pershad, 2014). For such a project to be initiated the overall conditions for CO2-EOR – financial, policy, industrial – would need to be equivalent or favourable compared to other oil-producing regions, otherwise investments would likely be made elsewhere. The purpose of this work package was to compare such conditions between seven major oil- producing regions that either are already, or are considering using CO2-EOR to increase oil outputs. The regions chosen were: • United States of America (USA) onshore • USA Gulf of Mexico • Canada • Malaysia • China • Norway • UK This report covers initial, desk-based research to compare regional conditions for CO2-EOR developments focussing in particular on tax regimes and also covering CO2 supply availability and CO2 transport infrastructure. Other areas of comparison – energy policies, regulatory conditions and government support – are not covered in this report but may be included in further studies.